女雙性戀認同、實踐與處境之探究

本研究探究雙性戀者的認同歷程，分析影響雙性戀者建構認同，以及雙性戀認同對於雙性戀者的生活造成影響，透過參與者認同歷程、故事的討論與分析，本研究呈現雙性戀者的樣貌及其與社會互動的情形。研究方法採立意取樣輔以滾雪球方法，以半結構方式訪談十位現階段自我認同為女雙性戀者。　　研究發現有三：首先，影響主體建構性傾向認同的因素會隨著社會轉變、知識的積累而越變越多，並無某特定因素為建構認同的必要因素。性傾向等資訊的開放，使得許多人的認同的建構不再是邊迷惑邊找尋認同。本研究之研究參與者的情感經驗，包括喜歡的感覺，在認同建構前已存在，且並不因跨越性別的情感經驗與主流異性戀或同性戀有差異，而建構認同。常是因為其它個人的理由，例如：因為參與同志運動，而需要宣稱一己的認同；再者，多元性別的氛圍下，性傾向認同的分類除了以生理性別為依據外，主體的性別認同和生活實踐也成為新性傾向認同分類的來源，例如雙性戀認同女同志實踐。而對於多元性別概念雖然使性、性別、性傾向的觀念較具彈性、開放，但在雙性戀者的情感實踐和日常生活實踐，還是會受到社會的性別規範影響，尤其是在異性戀情感關係，有趣的是女雙性戀者採納異性戀規範選擇異性對象或經營關係時，也會依循社會主流價值，例如男性要有經濟、責任感、孝順……等條件兼具才能引起她們的注意，相較於同性對象則無這些條件，異性戀規範在此刻似乎成為男性追求女雙性戀者的一個篩選條件；最後，不管是雙性戀或是同性戀污名，及其弱勢的處境，多是異性戀系統對於非主流性傾向壓迫的產物，倘若沒有認知道結構和體制面的影響及權力的運作，雙性戀者和同性戀者將會持續呈現緊張關係，難以解決問題的核心和壓迫源。

關鍵字

多元性別；雙性戀認同；強迫異性戀

並列摘要

This study explores the process of the formation of bisexual identity of ten women. I analyzed what factors may affect the construction of bisexual identity and the role of bisexual identity on their daily practices. Ten bisexual women were interviewed using semi-structured interview method. Three points can be made based on this study. First, the ways in which bisexual women construct their sexual identity are contingent to their social situation and their knowledge of the matter, and there is no one particular factor that can be seen as necessary to the process of identity construction. Second, in terms of identity formation, in addition to biological sex, gender and daily life practices are also sources of identity. Despite the fact that a sense of gender multiplicity may allow bisexual women to be more flexible and open, their daily and emotional life still follow conventional practices. For example, they may consider their potential partners’ economic status, sense of responsibility, and even whether they are filial. Finally, we must to know that bi-sexual and homosexual stigma cause by heterosexuality system. If not, it’s difficult to solve the problem of the core and oppression source.