自1980年代以降,隨著勞動力與家庭結構改變,許多工作者逐漸無法在工作與家庭中取得平衡,工作與家庭間開始相互產生干擾並逐漸演變為一種衝突,最終形成工作者壓力的來源。基於此,本研究分析2005年第五期第一次的臺灣社會變遷基本調查,這項調查係全國性代表樣本,本研究分析該調查資料中的已婚有偶工作者(分析樣本數為767),以次序羅吉特迴歸(ordered logit regression)分析工作與家庭之衝突向度(包含來自於時間、行為與壓力的衝突)與衝突干擾方向(包含「工作對家庭之干擾」以及「家庭對工作之干擾」)如何影響工作者的工作滿意度與快樂感,並進一步探討各衝突向度與干擾方向對工作者生活福祉的影響效果是否隨性別不同而有所差異。研究結果顯示:(1)個人工作滿意度與快樂感顯著受到工作與家庭不同衝突向度之影響,其中「時間」與「壓力」的衝突向度對個人生活福祉的影響尤深;(2)在兩種工作與家庭衝突的干擾方向中,只有「工作對家庭干擾」對工作滿意度與快樂感具有顯著負向效果;(3)工作與家庭之衝突向度與衝突干擾方向對工作滿意度與快樂感的影響效果並未隨性別不同而有差異。
Since the 1980s dramatic changes in labor force and family structure have resulted in the difficulties to balance between work and family for many workers, the interference between work and family has developed into the conflict between these two domains and became the major source of stress for many workers. This study analyzed data from the 2005 Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS), which is a national representative sample. This study selected working married respondents from TSCS (sample size equals to 767), using ordered logit regression to examine the effects of work-family conflict on workers' job satisfaction and happiness. Specifically, this study investigates to what extent conflict dimension (including conflict based on time, behavior and stress), and interference direction (including work interference with family and family interference with work) affect workers' job satisfaction and happiness, and whether such effects differ by gender. The results show that job satisfaction and happiness are significantly affected by different dimensions of work-family conflict; among them time-based and strain-based conflict have the strongest influence on individual well-being. Furthermore, in regards to interference direction, only work interference with family has a significant negative effect on job satisfaction and happiness. As a whole, the effects of conflict dimension and interference direction on job satisfaction and happiness do not differ by gender.