A Study of Foreign Policy Analysis Framework in Germany's Energy Policy of the Post-Cold War Era

德國在後冷戰時期能源政策的外交分析

斯特拉托斯．波利塔契斯(Stratos Pourzitakis) ； 克利斯多夫．希利温斯基(Krzysztof Sliwinski) ； 韋奇宏

《歐美研究》 48卷4期 (2018/12) Pp. 481-512

https://doi.org/10.7015/JEAS.201812_48(4).0001

摘要

This paper re-examines the Foreign Policy Analysis (FPA) with regards to the security of energy relations between Germany and Russia, understood as specific foreign policy actions-that is, ＂products＂ of foreign policy decisions. It attempts to explain why Germany consistently sought better relations with Russia, partially with the aim of securing energy supplies. Drawing on Walter Carlsnaes's identified lack of integrative and dynamic models that convincingly include both types of variables-structures and actors in a dynamic fashion-this study offers a link between the FPA and energy policy. The paper focuses on the years from the 1990s through to the present, across various segments of the German government, and explores major values and objectives of German energy policy. German energy policy is intrinsic to German-Russian relations, and places particular emphasis on the Nord Stream 1 pipeline. Our research indicates that the linear sequence, as proposed by Carlsnaes himself (structure- disposition-intention-action), can be conducive in bringing about favourable conditions for further actions following the same path.

關鍵字

energy security ； foreign policy ； Nord Stream ； Germany ； Russia

並列摘要

本篇文章檢驗德國與俄羅斯之間的能源外交關係。德國之所以尋求改善與俄羅斯的關係，有一部分是為了確保能源供應無虞。本研究奠基於Walter Carlsnaes的理論架構，整合結構與行為者這兩個變數，以分析外交政策與能源政策之連結。本文聚焦在九〇年代至今，橫跨多個德國政府部門，探討德國能源政策的價值與目標。德國能源政策是德國與俄羅斯之間外交關係的實質，且著重在北溪天然氣管道一號線。我們的研究指出，Carlsnaes提出的「結構－屬性－意圖－行動」直線序列，可以為進一步的行動產生有利的條件。

並列關鍵字

能源安全 ； 外交政策 ； 北溪天然氣管道 ； 德國 ； 俄羅斯

參考文獻

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Carlsnaes, W.(1992).The agency-structure problem in foreign policy analysis.International Studies Quarterly.36(3),245-270.

Chivvis, C. S.,Rid, T.(2009).The roots of Germany's Russia policy.Survival.51(2),105-122.

Chow, E. C. (2013, November 20). The Russia-EU gas relationship: A partnership of necessity. Center for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved from https://www.csis.org/analysis/russia-eu-gas-relationship-partnership-necessity