我國參與全球衛生體系策略之探討：以世界衛生組織及亞太經濟合作會議為例

An Investigation of Taiwan's Participation in the Global Health System: The World Health Organization and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

邱亞文(Ya-Wen Chiu) ； 李明亮(Ming-Liang Lee)

《台灣公共衛生雜誌》 25卷6期 (2006/12) Pp. 405-418

https://doi.org/10.6288/TJPH2006-25-06-01

摘要

近年來新興傳染病如SARS的爆發及禽流感可能帶來的威脅，造成全球衛生安全及經濟的衝擊，使得衛生議題備受國際關注。世界衛生組織在2006年所發佈的「開發中國家之疾病控制優先項目」一書中指出，新興傳染病的大流行及其準備工作是當前人類衛生政策面臨的四大核心挑戰之一。隨著禽流感的威脅昇高，世界衛生組織在這場全球傳染病戰役中扮演關鍵的指揮整合角色。然而台灣自1972年後就不再是世界衛生組織會員，多年來使得我國無法及時獲得最新的醫療資訊與協助，台灣各項醫療成就與發展亦無法分享各國，然而現今局勢已不容我國自外於全球防疫網，因此研擬如何爭取加入國際衛生合作與防疫機制之策略成為當務之急。本文首先回顧歷年我國所參與的政府間國際衛生相關組織與活動，以世界衛生組織與亞太經濟合作會議為主軸，並針對近年我國之策略、國際的相關支持及困境加以探討。本文也針對此兩大新興傳染病對全球防疫備戰之國際局勢，及其對我國重回世界衛生組織之影響進行觀察與剖析，並提出我國短、中、長期之因應策略。

關鍵字

世界衛生組織 ； 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群SARS ； 禽流感 ； 國際衛生合作 ； 亞太經濟合作會議

並列摘要

The outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, such as SARS and avian influenza, seriously impact national security and global economy, causing international organizations to pay close attention to health issues. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, published by the WHO in 2006, clearly states that preparation for emerging diseases and the influenza pandemic is one of the four principle challenges in contemporary human health policies.
As the threat of avian influenza increases, the WHO acts as a key coordinator in controlling global infectious diseases. Because Taiwan has not been a member of the WHO since 1972, Taiwan is not able to obtain the latest medical information and assistance, nor is able to contribute its medical achievements at the international level. The current international situation is such that Taiwan is not allowed to actively participate in the global epidemic prevention network. It should be the top priority for the government of Taiwan to formulate workable strategies to join the international health cooperative network.
The current study reviews international government's health-related organizations, mainly the WHO and APEC, and Taiwan's participation in international health over the years. We also reviewed Taiwan's strategies, challenges, and international support in recent years.
Finally, this article describes and analyzes the current status of the global epidemic prevention effort, especially with respect to the two aforementioned emerging infectious diseases, and discusses their influence on Taiwan's participation in the WHO. We thus propose some short- and long-term strategies for the government of Taiwan in the years to come.

並列關鍵字

World Health Organization WHO ； Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS ； Avian Influenza ； International health cooperation ； Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation APEC

參考文獻

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Asian Development Bank(ADB)(2003).Assessing the impact and cost of SARS in Developing Asia.(In: ADB. Asian Development Outlook 2003 Update).