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近代中國國術的教育政策推行與意義(1928-1937)

The implementation and significance of the educational policy of Chinese martial art in modern China (1928-1937)

摘要


本文旨在瞭解近代中國國術的確立與發展過程,內文先闡述1928-1937年的時代背景,其次從教育政策來探討國術在學校體育與民間單位的施行情形,最後解析該時期的特性與定位。研究結果顯示:一、1928年中央國術館的建立,代表一種由官方為主導的國術組織系統正式出現。二、學校體育在國術教育的推行上,各省市成效不一。許多省、市、縣建立國術館,在組織管理與競賽方面,吸取西方近代體育的長處。三、1928-1937年在南京國民政府力求以體育救國、國術救國的理念,以及知識分子的筆墨渲染之下,國術/體育已在國人心目中種下救國的種子,成為身體技術強健的手段,與國家民族建構的利器。

並列摘要


The aim of this paper is to explore the era character of Chinese martial art and its implementation. This paper first elaborates on the background of the era from 1928 to 1937. Secondly, it explores the implementation of martial art in school physical education and civil units from the educational policy. Finally, it analyzes the ear characteristics and position of Chinese martial art. The result shows that the establishment of the Central Martial Arts Institution in 1928 represents an officially-led national organization system. All provinces and cities have different results in implementing martial art education in schools. Many provinces, cities, and counties have established martial art organizations and absorb the strengths of modern Western sports in organizational management and competition. However, Martial art in a turbulent era became a means of strengthening the physical skills and building a nation under the advocacy from the Nanjing National Government and intellectuals.

參考文獻


牛宏寶 (2008)。心與眼:中西藝術交互凝視中的自我身份建構和知識形成─“新文化運動”到 1937 年中國美術現代性進程的“跨文化語境”分析。哲學與文化,35(7),37-56。doi: 10.7065/MRPC.200807.0037
徐元民、莊嘉仁、卓旻怡 (2003)。中央國術館發揚本土體育的歷史經驗。體育學報,34,211-221。doi: 10.6222/pej.0034.200303.2118
劉恆妏 (2010)。二次戰前中國法學教育發展的頓挫:1932 年教育改革方案。國立中正大學法學集刊,31,163-206。doi: 10.30094/NCCULJ.201010.0004
藍伯瑋 (2010)。南京國民政府時期的國術競賽:以兩屆國術國考為例 (民國 17 年~22 年)。中正歷史學刊,13,131-164。doi: 10.6747/CCUHISTORY.201012_(13).05
山東民眾教育月刊 (1932)。山東省立民眾教育館附設國術研究會簡則。山東民眾教育月刊,3(7),181-182。

被引用紀錄


郭憲偉、郭金芳(2022)。中國國術表演隊參與1936年柏林奧運會的歷程與意義臺灣體育學術研究(73),39-60。https://doi.org/10.6590/TJSSR.202212_(73).03
Hsien-Wei Kuo、Chin-Fang Kuo(2023)。Taiwan martial arts: Education, development and international academic trends中華體育季刊37(3),241-259。https://doi.org/10.6223/qcpe.202309_37(3).0003
Hsien-Wei Kuo、Chin-Fang Kuo(2023)。Taiwan martial arts: Education, development and international academic trends中華體育季刊(),1-19。https://doi.org/10.6223/qcpe.202305/PP.0008
Kuo, H. W., & Kuo, C. F. (2020). Towards the era of a required physical education course: On the implementation and position of martial arts education in the early Republic of China. 中華體育季刊, 34(4), 259-271. https://doi.org/10.6223/qcpe.202012_34(4).0005

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