運動員的意象訓練

Imagery Training for Athletes

季力康(Li-Kang Chi) ； 陳若芸(Jo-Yun Chen)

《台灣醫學》 21卷3期 (2017/05) Pp. 281-287

https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2017.21(3).6

摘要

2016里約奧運剛落幕不久，2017世界大學運動會即將在台灣舉辦，這些賽事都受到國際及台灣的高度重視。在運動場上追求卓越成績，以贏得獎牌並為國爭光，一直是教練及運動選手所夢寐以求的，運動員的運動表現不外受心理、生理、技戰術及環境的影響。因此運動員想要突破成績發揮最大潛力，除了平日的體能及技術、戰術的訓練之外，心理技能的訓練亦是重要的課題之一。在心理技能訓練中最為廣泛使用的是意象訓練，並且已經證實對於運動員的表現有很好的效果。因此本文之目的在於介紹運動員意象訓練的定義概念、重要性以及應用，以提供大眾對於意象訓練的瞭解以及作為教練和運動選手的參考。

關鍵字

奧運 ； 世界大學運動會 ； 心理技能訓練 ； PETTLEP模式

並列摘要

2016 Rio Olympic Games just ended. 2017 Summer University Games will be held in Taiwan soon. These sport events are highly focused by international and Taiwan. It is always the coach and athletes' dream for pursuing excellence and winning medals in sport to glory for their countries. Athletes’ sport performances usually are influenced by mental, technical, physical conditions and environment. Therefore, if athletes want to make a break-through and maximize the potential, the psychological skill training is one of the most important issues. Moreover, imagery training is the most widely used among psychological skill trainings. The beneficial effects of imagery training on athletes' performance improvement have been confirmed. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the definition, concept, importance, related research and application of athlete's imagery training to provide the public with an understanding of imagery training and as a reference for coaches and athletes.

並列關鍵字

Olympic Games ； Summer University Games ； mental skill training ； PETTLEP model

參考文獻

林啟賢：運動意象之應用模式與研究取向探討。臺灣運動心理學報 2011;19:69-97。[Chi Hsian Lin: Applied Models and Research Orientation in Sport Imagery. Bulletin of Sport and Exercise Psychology in Taiwan 2011;19:69-97]"

林啟賢：有效運動意象腳本之發展與應用。中華體育季刊2015;29:321-8。[Lin CH: Developing and applying effective imagery scripts in sport. Quarterly of Chinese Physical 2015;29:321-8.]"

陳若芸、林啟賢：逼實意象結合動機意象型態使用對提升田徑跨欄選手心理品質之影響。大專體育學刊 2015;17:287-302。[Chen JY, Lin CH: Effects of PETTLEP imagery and motivational imagery on improving the mental quality of a hurdler. Sport Exercise Research 2015;17:287-302.] doi: 10.5297/ser.1703.004"

宋敦仁、黃崇儒：意象訓練在復健運動上的應用。中華體育季刊2009;23:96-106。[Sung DR, Huang CJ: The applying of imagery training in rehabilitation. Quarterly of Chinese Physical 2009;23:96-106.] doi: 10.6223/qcpe.2304.200912.2012"

Williams SE, Cumming J, Balanos GM: The use of imagery to manipulate challenge and threat appraisal states in athletes. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2010;32:339-58. doi: 10.1123/jsep.32.3.339"