離心運動引起肌肉損傷對肌力參數的影響

背景：從事離心運動引起肌肉纖維細微損傷（exercise-induced muscle damage, EIMD）之後，會誘發延遲性肌肉痠痛（delayed onset muscle soreness, DOMS）且造成最大自主等長肌力（maximal voluntary isometric contraction, MVC）及瞬發力下降，進而可能影響人體執行日常生活功能及增加受傷的風險。雖然文獻提出數種不同潛在肌力參數評估方式，但不清楚哪種方式可有效評估EIMD的效果。目的：針對單側肘屈肌群（elbow flexors, EF）進行EIMD對不同肌力參數進行評估。方法：9名規律運動成年女子（19～24歲）以EF進行一回合72次最大等速（30°/s）離心運動（maximal eccentric contractions, EC），EC前、EC後第0、24、48、72和96小時，各進行一次MVC與DOMS測驗，並從MVC測驗資料中分析出不同的肌力參數（到達力矩峰值時間[time to peak torque, TPT]和發力率30～200 ms [rate of force development, RFD_(30～200)]）。以單因子變異數分析考驗依變項在時間因子的差異。結果：MVC（-33%）、TPT（+55%）都在EC後立即（第0小時）引起顯著變化（p ＜ .05），DOMS在第24小時達到峰值（26 mm），但是RFD_(30～200)在EC後無產生顯著變化（p ＞ .05）。結論：本研究結果顯示可能可以藉由評估TPT，做為肘屈肌群EIMD恢復及降低受傷有效的監測方式之一。

關鍵字

瞬發力；發力率；延遲性肌肉痠痛；體能評估；到達力矩峰值時間

並列摘要

Background: The performance of unaccustomed eccentric exercise can result in exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). This can cause a decrease in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) strength and rate of force development (RFD), which may affect the individual's ability to perform daily functions and increase the risk of injury. Although previous studies have proposed several different methods of muscle strength parameter to assess potential muscular power, it is not known which method can effectively evaluate the effects of EIMD. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate different muscle strength parameters after EIMD of the unilateral elbow flexors (EF). Methods: Nine active young adult women (19-24 yrs) used either their right or left EF (determined by a counterbalanced method) to perform 72 maximal voluntary isokinetic (30°/s) eccentric contractions (EC). MVC and DOMS were measured before, immediately after, and 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after EC. Additionally, time to peak torque (TPT) and RFD at 30-200 ms (RFD_(30-200)) were further assessed from MVC testing files. Changes in each dependent variable over time were measured by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Changes in MVC, TPT, and DOMS were significant (p ＜ .05) after EC compared to their baseline levels, and these three variables had not returned (p ＜ .05) to their baseline levels at 96 hours after EC. No significant (p ＞ .05) changes were observed in RFD_(30-200) after EC. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the magnitude of MVC loss and changes in TPT after EC show a similar pattern. Therefore, these results suggest that TPT may possibly be used as an effective monitoring method for recovery from EIMD and reduction of injuries.

並列關鍵字

power ； rate of force development ； delayed onset muscle soreness ； fitness assessment ； time to peak torque

參考文獻

陳信良、陳忠慶、曾暐晉、林瑞馨、曾國維（2011）。離心運動引起延遲性肌肉酸痛對不同肌力及爆發力表現之影響。嘉大體育健康休閒期刊，10（2），249-259。doi:10.6169/NCYUJPEHR.10.2.23

Aagaard, P., Simonsen, E. B., Andersen, J. L., Magnusson, P., & Dyhre-Poulsen, P. (2002). Increased rate of force development and neural drive of human skeletal muscle following resistance training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 93(4), 1318-1326. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00283.2002

Ament, W., & Verkerke, G. J. (2009). Exercise and fatigue. Sports Medicine, 39(5), 389-422. doi:10.2165/00007256-200939050-00005

Andersen, L. L., & Aagaard, P. (2006). Influence of maximal muscle strength and intrinsic muscle contractile properties on contractile rate of force development. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 96(1), 46-52. doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0070-z

Andersen, L. L., Andersen, J. L., Zebis, M. K., & Aagaard, P. (2010). Early and late rate of force development: Differential adaptive responses to resistance training? Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 20(1), e162-e169. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00933.x

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離心運動引起肌肉損傷對肌力參數的影響

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