不同職域社區衛生護理人員生活品質相關因素探討

Exploring the Factors Associated with Quality of Life among Community Health Nurses in Different Workplace Situations

蘇慧怡(Hui-Yi Su)

指導教授 ： 莊昭華

長榮大學/健康科學學院/護理學系(所)/碩士(2017年)

摘要

背景：社區衛生護理人員因需配合國家衛生政策的推行，和承辦複雜的業務與服務對象的多元性，因此可能造成工作壓力增加與生活品質降低。
目的：本研究目的為探討學校、工廠和衛生局所三個職域社區衛生護理人員的生活品質與相關因素。
方法：本研究為橫斷式調查研究設計。於2015年10至12月經網路招募台灣各地學校、工廠和衛生局所三個職域的社區護理人員為研究對象，利用結構式網路問卷收集資料，問卷內容包含基本屬性、工作特質、職場霸凌經驗、壓力感受與生活品質。資料以SPSS 20.0進行料分析。
結果：符合收案條件之對象共328人。社區護理人員自我評價生活品質為中等程度，生理健康、心理、社會關係和環境四大範疇標準化後平均分數最高是生理範疇(60.5±14.5)，最低是心理範疇(52.6±16.3)。不同職域中以學校護理人員在四大範疇的平均分數得分最高，衛生局所護理人員的分數則顯著低於其他職域 (p<0.05)。不同職域社區護理人員生活品質相關因素有婚姻、子女、慢性病、教育程度、聘僱身分、現有工作年資、平均年薪、職場霸凌和壓力感受；其中職場霸凌及高壓力感受為三個職域共同相關因素。
結論：未來建議針對不同職域護理人員的低生活品質相關因素，進行制度面的檢討、訂定各項介入措施，並有效改善職場霸凌和降低壓力感受，以期提升社區護理人員生活品質。

關鍵字

職域 ； 社區衛生護理人員 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

Background: Community health nurses need to implement national health policy which will be changed at any time. Works are complex and diversity for community health nurses. Therefore, it may cause high working stresses and low quality of life.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the quality of life and related factors of community health nurses in different workplace.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. A self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 328 nurses of different workplace were recruited from October to December 2015, and SPSS 20.0 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: The quality of life for community health nurses was moderate. After standardization, among four domains of quality of life, the highest domain is the physiological domain (60.5±14.5), and the lowest one is the psychological domain (52.6±16.3). School nurses had the highest quality of life. On the other hand, primary healthcare nurses had significantly lower scores than other nurses (p<0.05). The factors related to the quality of life of community health nurses are married status, number of children, chronic diseases, educational level, employment status, duration of employment, average annual salary, workplace bullying, and stress cognition. The workplace bullying and high pressure cognition are common impact factors among community health nurses in three different workplaces.
Conclusions: According the related factors of lowering the quality of life for community health nurses in different workplace, it is important to develop intervention programs to reduce workplace bullying and pressure, and then the quality of life can be promoted.

並列關鍵字

Workplace ； Community health nurse ； Quality of life

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