本研究旨在探討罹患嚴重威脅生命之乳癌疾病患者,在減少因病而產生的自我憤怒及自我苛責,接受並習得與疾病共處的自我寬恕經驗中,究竟透過什麼樣的因應方式使得有較少的負向情緒,較佳的生活品質,產生良好心理適應的相關性研究。 研究中針對醫院門診或其他來源所介紹之乳癌婦女進行立意取樣,共收取83位平均年齡為49.42歲(±8.783)之乳癌患者在「基本資料表」、「狀態自我寬恕量表」、「因應量表」、「情緒狀態量表」以及「生活品質量表」的資料。 研究發現當乳癌患者越不能自我寬恕時,其情緒困擾越高、生活品質越差,且當他們越採用逃避因應時,其情緒困擾增加、生活品質越差,而逃避因應和自我寬恕是影響情緒困擾的主要變項,自我寬恕是影響生活品質的主要變項,顯示自我寬恕對生活品質與情緒困擾均具有顯著的預測影響力。另外,自我寬恕對情緒困擾有影響效果,主要是透過逃避因應(中介變項)達到影響。 自我寬恕是一種內化的過程,只要我們願意治療內心的傷痛,就能達到心靈復健的境界。當我們寬恕了自己,將會以更正面、更寫實的方式看待自己,同時比以前更歡樂,更充滿前景的眼光看待世界,在心理、生理和心靈的健康上都有無比的助益。然而目前的結果皆需更廣泛、更進一步地長期深入的觀察及探討,才能有更深入的意涵。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among self-forgiveness, coping, emotions, and quality of lie in self-blamed patients with breast cancer. Eighty-three participants with an average age of 49.42 (SD = 8.78) were recruited by purposive sampling. The State Self-Forgiveness Scale, COPE, Profile of the Mood State, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast were administered to each participant. Results indicated that: (1) self-forgiveness correlated negatively with emotional disturbances and positively with quality of life; (2) the coping strategy of denial and disengagement correlated positively with emotional disturbances and negatively with quality of life; (3) self-forgiveness and the coping strategy of denial and disengagement predicted emotional disturbances; (4) self-forgiveness predicted quality of life; and (5) the coping strategy of denial and disengagement mediated the association between self-forgiveness and emotional disturbances. It was concluded that psychological rehabilitation could be achieved if the individual was willing to heal her mental pain, as self-forgiveness was an internalized process. Once the individual had self-forgiven, she could see herself in a positive and realistic way and see the world in a promising perspective. More research is also recommended.