孟宗竹炭板機能性質之探討

The Study on the Functional Characteristics of Moso Bamboo Charcoal Board

孫上平(Shang-Pin Sun)

指導教授 ： 王松永

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/森林環境暨資源學研究所/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.02582

摘要

本研究採用土窯燒製之孟宗竹炭，其碳化溫度分別約為500℃與700℃，先進行竹炭之元素分析、酸鹼值、精煉度的測定，再將孟宗竹炭與10%的回收廢紙漿纖維及8%乳化型丙烯酸樹脂充分混合，熱壓成厚度1 cm的竹炭板。板密度分別為0.3、0.4、0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8 g/cm3共12組不同的條件，探討竹炭板在應用層面上對游離甲醛的吸附、吸溼效果、熱傳導率、耐燃性質、電阻係數及電磁波屏蔽效應，所得結果歸納如下：
在竹炭元素分析方面，碳素含量隨著碳化溫度增加而升高，均在84%以上，且pH值大於7呈鹼性。竹炭板對游離甲醛之吸附效能，以500℃碳化溫度者為佳，吸附量達52%以上。吸濕性方面700℃碳化之孟宗竹炭由於碳化溫度較高，本身具有的孔隙多，因此效果較500℃者為佳，又以板密度0.3 g/cm3者為最低。竹炭板之熱傳導率隨著板密度之增加而增大，以500℃碳化溫度者較小，顯示出其良好的隔熱效果。耐燃性質之測定，除了板密度0.3 g/cm3未進行測試外，其餘所有條件皆能通過CNS6532耐燃三級之規定。碳化溫度700℃時板密度越大則電阻係數越小，500℃板密度與電阻係數無明顯之關係存在。在電磁波屏蔽方面也隨著板密度之增加而增大，顯示出當電阻係數越大則電磁波屏蔽效應越差。

關鍵字

孟宗竹炭 ； 游離甲醛 ； 吸濕 ； 電磁波屏蔽效應 ； 電阻係數 ； 耐燃性質

並列摘要

The purpose of the study was to develop the new application of carbonized bamboo. First, moso bamboos were carbonized under two different temperature, 500℃ and 700℃, in an earthen kiln in order to realize both its basic properties and that of the charcoal board. The charcoal yield, electric resistivity, and pH value were investigated, then, the charcoal board was made with fiber and the acrylic resin emulsion was added as a binder in manufacturing process. Specific gravity of the charcoal boards were 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 g/cm3, respectively. The absorption of formaldehyde, equilibrium moisture content (EMC), thermal conductivity, fire-resistant properties, and the electromagnetic shielding efficiency(E.S.E) were also studied.

The ratio of carbon element could increase to 84 % and increased with increasing of carbonization temperature. The formaldeyde absorption by the bamboo charcoal board carbonized at 500℃ could reach to 52%. EMC of the board carbonized at 700℃ was better than that carbonized at 500℃ because of its higher porosity. Thermal conductivity increased with increasing of specific gravity. Thermal conductivity of the charcoal board carbonized at 500℃ was lower. The fire-resistance properties of the boards could meet the requirement of ”Grade 3 Imcombustibility” of CNS 6532 except that the specific gravity was 0.3g/cm3. E.S.E. increased with increasing of specific gravity. However, there was negative relationship between E.S.E and electric resistivity for the bamboo charcoal boards.

並列關鍵字

Moso bamboo charcoal ； Formaldehyde emission ； hygroscopic properties ； Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness ； Resistivity ； Fire-resistant properties ； Thermal conductivity

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