泰國文化創意產業發展策略之研究

1997年亞洲金融風暴，促使泰國政府進行改革，也開啟了文化新契機，將文化創意產業視為重點產業扶植。本研究的目地在於了解泰國政府推動文化創意產業的相關策略與具體作為，以及泰國政府積極扶持文化創意產業之際，私部門如何配合政府政策，幫助文化創意產業的發展，從而了解泰國文化創意產業之競爭優勢。透過文獻的蒐集與分析，研究發現泰國推動文化創意產業的過程中，「政府」是一個關鍵角色；為達成國內產業轉型成為知識型社會以及東協區域創意經濟的發展中心的目標，泰國政府採取了系統策略：一、提供與創造有利於文化創意產業發展的環境；二、鼓勵跨部會及跨領域合作；三、重視文化創意產業的經濟貢獻，將創意經濟列入國家經濟與社會發展計畫；四、政府輔導地方產業發展，提供外銷、設計與貿易專家協助地方創造與行銷具有地方特色的產品；五、政府鼓勵人力資源的創新，培育文化創意產業之專業人才；六、選定創意城市，提升曼谷地區以外的創意經濟，促進地方收入和增加就業機會，提升城市競爭力；七、設立網站、舉辦展銷會與博覽會提供平臺，推廣與宣傳泰國文化創意產業發展成果。此外，私部門配合政府所制定產業發展的策略與投入，亦是泰國文創產業成功不可或缺的因素。

關鍵字

泰國；文化創意產業；發展型國家理論；鑽石模型

並列摘要

The 1997 Asian financial crisis forced Thai government to start the reformation and create the new cultural opportunities, mainly focusing on the cultural and creative industries as the major developing industry. The goal of this research aims to understand the relevant strategies and the specific policies which Thai government has executed to promote the cultural and creative industries. Moreover, while Thai government has actively supported these industries, understanding how private sectors have cooperated with the government policies and assisted the development of the industries are aimed by this research as well, for figuring out the competitive advantages of Thailand’s cultural and creative industries. Through the collections and analyses of the references, the research found that in the progress of the Thailand’s promotion of cultural and creative industries, government has acted as a critical role. To achieve the purposes that the domestic industries can transform into knowledge society and become the regional economic development center of ASEAN, Thai government has adopted the systematic strategies: 1. Providing and creating the good environments for the development of cultural and creative industries. 2. Encouraging the cross-disciplined cooperation of various sectors and fields. 3. Focusing on the economic contributions of cultural and creative industries and including the innovative economy into the national economic and social development plan. 4. Government guides and assists the development of the local industries, providing export, design and trade experts to help locals create and promote the distinctive products. 5. Government encourages the reformation of human resource and the trainings of cultural and creative industries talents. 6. Setting on creative cities, enhancing the innovative economy in the other areas out of Bangkok, improving the local incomes and increasing the job opportunities, bettering the competitiveness of city. 7. Providing the platforms by setting up the websites and hosting the sale exhibitions and expositions to promote the achievements of Thailand’s cultural and creative industries development. In addition, strategies and efforts provided by private sectors are also the essential and critical factors for great success of Thailand’s cultural and creative industries.