- 期刊
教練行為對團隊凝聚力的影響：人際關係的中介作用
The influences about coach behavior on team cohesion: The mediate effects of interpersonal relationships
摘要
教練領導行為在運動團隊的運作上扮演著重要的角色，尤其是團隊運作的結果－團隊凝聚力。在教練行為影響團隊凝聚力的關係上，過去研究雖已證實教練－選手關係的中介效應，但未考慮同儕關係似有不足。為補充文獻上的缺口，本研究目的為探討教練行為、教練－選手關係、同儕關係與團隊凝聚力的關係，以及教練－選手關係、同儕關係的中介效果。本研究以立意取樣合併滾雪球的方式招募大專排球選手，共有272名運動員參與本研究，平均年齡為20.78歲（標準差為1.91），包括男生94名，女生178名，其中139名為公開組、133名為一般組。使用工具包括：教練自主支持行為、教練控制行為、教練－選手關係、同儕關係以及團隊凝聚力等量表，所有測量皆在網路線上完成填答。研究結果顯示：一、各變項間皆達顯著相關，除了控制行為與其他變項呈負相關外，其餘皆為正相關。二、透過結構方程模式分析，本研究所提假設模式得到支持，教練自主支持、控制行為分別透過教練－選手關係、同儕關係路徑影響團隊凝聚力。結論：教練自主支持行為可提升團隊凝聚力，相反的，控制行為則會損壞團隊凝聚力，其中教練－選手關係與同儕關係扮演著重要的中介角色。在實務上，建議教練使用自主支持的領導風格，並可運用提升團隊中人際互動品質的策略以優化團隊凝聚力。
並列摘要
The coach leadership behavior play a significant role on operating of sport team, especially for the outcome of team operating - cohesion. Previous research has confirmed the mediating effect of coach-athlete relationship in the relationship between coaching behavior and team cohesion, but it seems not enough for without considering peer relationships. In order to fill the gaps in the literature, the purposes of this study were to examine the associations among coach behavior, coach-athlete relationship, peer relationship, and cohesion and the mediate effects of coach-athlete relationship and peer relationship. This study recruited college volleyball players by purpose sampling and snowballing. There were 272 athletes participated this study, their mean age was 20.78 (SD = 1.91). The participants composed 94 male and 178 female, one of them for 139 athlete belong open division and the others for 133 athlete belong general division. The measurements included coach autonomy support behavior, coach controlling behavior, coach-athlete relationship, peer relationship, and team cohesion. Participants completed all questionnaires on internet. The results indicate that: 1.There are significant related among all variables and the relationships are positive except controlling behavior with other variables. 2. The hypothesis models are supported by structural equation modeling analysis. Coach autonomy support behavior and coach controlling behavior impact cohesion through different path for coach-athlete relationship and peer relationship, respectively. Conclusion: Autonomy support behavior from coach would benefits sport team cohesion, opponent, controlling behavior would destroy cohesion and coach-athlete relationship and peer relationship play the crucial roles on this relationship. In practice, this study suggests coach to prefer autonomy support leader style and would sue some strategies of improving interpersonal interaction to optimize team cohesion.