水稻省工栽培之研究I.氮肥施用量對再生稻栽培之效果試驗

Studies on Labor Savings Practices of Rice Cultivation I. Effect of the Amounts of Nitrogen Application on Ratooned Rice Yield

許東暉(Tong-Huei Hsu) ； 郭榮華(Jong-Hwa Kou)

《桃園區農業改良場研究報告》 2期 (1984/10) Pp. 12-18+20-24

摘要

再生稻栽培係省工栽培法之一，唯目前慣行再生栽培中，再生芽處理所需勞力頗多，一般農民不易接受。本試驗為針對此問題進一步覓求對策，曾以不同氮肥施用量探討取代再生芽處理之可行性，以節省勞力，降低生產成本，增加農民收益。茲將試驗結果摘要如下：再生稻栽培過程中，煩雜之「再生芽處理」，可由增施90%或60%氮肥用量及施肥法取代之（總量之一半於前期施用）而其每公頃稻栽產量，可達4.4公噸，較慣行之再生與移植等栽培，分別增產4.8及3.9%，同時節省勞力12%及20%，且早熟3~5天或15~20天之多。此結果除配合裏作栽培優點之外，可避免第二期作生育後期不良氣候環境之影響，致提高6~12%之稔實率與1.2~3.0克之千粒重。此將為省工栽培開闢一條穩定產量節省勞力之生產途徑頗有裨益。

並列摘要

Once-shoot-cutting treatment on ratooned rice was not acceptable by the farmers because of handling drawbacks. This study was to determine whether the improved cultural methods i.e. applying different amounts of nitrogen after the harvest of 1st rice crop, could take place of the regular method, so-called once-shoot-cutting treatment, for ratooned rice production. The results in indicated that the increase application of 60% and 90% of ammonium sulphate had the significantly higher yield than regular method and conventional transplanting method. Good results also obtained when the nitrogen was increased for 30%. The maturity of the regular ratooned rice was 15 to 20 days earlier than conventional transplanted rice, where as ratooned rice of improved culture was even 3 to 5 days earlier than the regular one. Thus, it could be made available to avoid the impact of bad weather on the late growth of the 2nd rice crop. In addition, it could also increase the percentage of fertility by 6 to 11% and 1,000 grain weight by 1. 2 to 3 gram, so as to gain a better yield. In conclusion, the yield of improved or regular culture method of ratooned rice was consistently higer than that of conventional transplanting method. Furthermore, the improved culture method had the advantages of extending the vegetative growth, saving more labors, reducing cost and using land efficiently.