洋菇擔胞子着生狀態之觀察

Some Observations on the Spored-Basidium in the Cultivated Mushroom (A Garicus Bisporus)

宋細福(S. F. Song) ； 胡開仁(K. J. Hu) ； 謝業陵(Y. L. Hsieh)

《中華農業研究》 18卷2期 (1969/06) Pp. 58-66

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.196906.0008

摘要

野生種洋菇(Agaricus camspestris)一般認爲俱四個擔胞子(Basidiospore)而栽培種洋菇(Agaricus bisporus)俱二個擔胞子，本試驗除明確觀察到栽培種的洋菇俱2、3、4個擔胞子外，還新發現俱1、3、5、7個擔胞子之存在，使栽培種洋菇，俱1、2、3、4、5、7個擔胞子的記錄。其平均發生之百分率爲2擔胞子型81.8%，3擔胞子型12.8%，1擔胞子型3%，4擔胞子型1.2%，5擔胞子型0.013%，7擔胞子型0.003%，本試驗更發現著生擔胞子之小生子梗(Sterigma)並非全部有規律的生於擔子柄(Basidium)之頂端，有時在擔子柄之四週均有著生的可能。故在外觀上，擔胞子在擔子柄有排成規則狀的對生型（如圖五A，六B，七B）及排成一直列的並生型（圖六A，七A）與呈不規則狀者（如圖五C、七C，八）。

並列摘要

It is generally considered that there are four-spored basidium in the wild mushroom (Agaricus campestris) and two-spored basidium in the cultivated mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). Aside from the counts of 2, 3 and 4-spored basidium have been shown in the cultivated mushroom as mentioned in papers (6, 8, 10 11, 13) we observe precisely that there are new counts of 1, 5 and 7-spored basidium in this experiment. Therefore, there are six counts of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7-spored basidia of the cultivated mushroom which can be found on this experimental record. The percentages of the observed means about the counts of spored basidium are two-spored basidium 81.8%, three-spored basidium 12.8%, one-spored basidium 3%, four-spored basidium 1.2%, five-spored basidium 0.013% and seven-spored basidium 0.003% respectively. This experiment shows the sterigmata which bear basidiospores don't regularly locate on the apex of the basidium, it is very possible to find them all around the basidium. Thus, according to their forms we classified them into 3 groups as follows: alternate form, opposite form and irregular form.