Concentration of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates in Commercial Detergents and Aquacultural Environment of Grass Shrimp,Penaeus Monodon Fabricius in South Taiwan

本研究在探討循環水系統下，不同鹽濃度10 ppt，20 ppt，30 ppt，40 ppt及50 ppt的草蝦池水，其好氣性總生菌數及其菌株對酪蛋白及幾丁質的水解能力；結果發現草蝦尚未放養以前，鹽度10 ppt，20 ppt，30 ppt，40 ppt及50 ppt的池水，其好氣性總生菌數為7.0×10^(1)～1.4×10^(3)CFU／ml，池水鹽度愈高，總生菌數有增多的趨勢。當草蝦放養2天後，各鹽度池水的生菌數顯著增加，菌數為5.9×10^(4)～5.2×10^(5)CFU／ml，不因池水鹽度之不同而有明顯差異。而草蝦放養20天及50天時，各鹽度池水之菌數均維持在1.3×10^(4)～7.0×10^(5)CFU／ml，這段期間低鹽度池水之菌數有較高的現象。在草蝦尚未放養以前除了30 ppt菌株特殊外，各鹽度所分出的菌株，對酪蛋白及幾丁質的水解能力顯著不同，能水解酪蛋白的菌株（30.0～95.0％）多於能水解幾丁質者（5.0～85.0％）。草蝦放養2天後，各鹽度池水中能水解酪蛋白及幾丁質之菌株的比例明顯上升，尤其是能利用酪蛋白者高達85.0～100.0％；而能水解幾丁質的菌株佔45.5％～87.0％。而且隨著鹽度的提高，其百分比有增高的趨勢。當草蝦放養20天時，能水解酪蛋白及幾丁質的菌株分別佔84.2～100.0％及33.3～95.2％，而且在較高鹽度池水中，能水解幾丁質的菌株比例亦增高。在放養第50天時，具水解酪蛋白及幾丁質的菌株比例分別為75.0％～100.0％及39.1～74.1％，較高鹽度池水中，能水解幾丁質的菌株比例亦提高。以各菌屬對酪蛋白及幾丁質的作用能力而言，本實驗除了有些菌屬因所分出的菌株數較少外，其它菌屬能利用酪蛋白的百分比均高於能利用幾丁質者。能利用酪蛋白的菌屬中，以Vibrio（97.7％）的比例最高，其它依次為Flavobacterium,Aeromononas,Alcaligenes,Pseudomonas,及Moraxella。而能利用幾丁質的菌屬中也以Vibrio（83.7％）為首，其次為Aeromonas（78.8％），其它依次為Moraxella,Pseudomonas,Flavobacterium,Alcaligenes。出現在各不同鹽度池水的Aeromonas及Vibrio菌株對於酪蛋白及幾丁質的利用情形不因鹽度的不同而有明顯差異。Pseudomonas,Alcaligenes及Flavobacterium利用酪蛋白的情形也不因鹽度的差異有明顯不同，但，對於幾丁質的利用則以20 ppt以上較高。而Moraxella於10 ppt時，利用酪蛋白及幾丁質的能力均不高，而在20 ppt以上則明顯提高。

關鍵字

養殖環境；草蝦；直鏈式烷基苯磺酸鹽；合成清潔劑

並列摘要

The study was conducted to investigate the aerobic plate count(APC)andhydrolytic activity to casein and chitin of bacteria isolated from the rearingwater of grass prawn(Penaeus monodon Fabricius),in recirculating system offive salinities,during a 50-days experiment.The APC in the water of salinity10 ppt,20 ppt,30 ppt,40 ppt and 50 ppt were 7.0×10^(1),2.4×10^(2),6.6×10^(2),1.4×10^(3)and1.4×10^(3)CFU/ml,respectively.The APC in the water of five salinities increasedafter grass prawns were stocked 2 days,ranged from 5.9×10^(4)CFU/ml to 5.2×10^(5)CFU/ml.Twenty to 50 days after prawns were cultured,the APC were 1.3×10^(4)to 7.0×10^(5)CFU/ml in the water of all systems.The bacteria which were isolatedfrom the water of different salinities before prawns were cultured exhibitedhigher hydrolytic ability to casein than chitin.Two days after introductionof prawns,the caseinolytic and chitinolytic bacteria in five water systems were85.0-100.0%and 45.5-87.0%,respectively.The percentage of chitin hydrolyzerincreased with salinity.On day 20,the distribution of caseinolytic andchitinolytic bacteria were 84.2-100.0% and 33.3-95.2%,respectively,thechitinolytic bacteria in the water of high salinity increased,too.Fifty daysafter introduction of prawns,75.0-100% and 39.1-74.1% were the percentagefor the caseinolytic and chitinolytic bacteria.In this study,Vibrio was themajor hydrolyzer of casein and chitin among the genera,then it followedthe descending order for casein hydrolyzer of Flavobacterium,Aeromonas,Alcaligenes,Pseudomonas and Moraxella.For chitin hydrolyzer,it followed thedescending order of Aeromonas,Moraxella,Pseudomonas,Flavobacterium andAlcaligenes.The effect of salinity on hydrolytic ability to casein and chitinof different genera were not equal.

並列關鍵字

Aquacultural Environment ； Grass Shrimp ； Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates ； Synthetic Detergents

國際替代計量

Concentration of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates in Commercial Detergents and Aquacultural Environment of Grass Shrimp,Penaeus Monodon Fabricius in South Taiwan

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