Fatty Acid Intakes and Food Sources in a Population of Older Australians

澳洲老年族群的脂肪酸攝取及其食物來源

Victoria M Flood ； Karen L Webb ； Elena Rochtchina ； Bridget Kelly ； Paul Mitchell

《Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 16卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 322-330

https://doi.org/10.6133/apjcn.2007.16.2.18

摘要

目的：紀錄澳洲老年人的膳食脂肪酸攝取及食物來源。設計：族群基礎存活世代。地點：澳洲雪梨西部藍山的兩個郵遞區號區域。研究對象：自1997至1999年，2334名年齡為55歲或以上的老年人參與追蹤5年的藍山眼睛研究（BMES）。2005名研究對象的飲食資料採用半定量膳食頻率問卷收集（86%被評估）。脂質依據型態分為飽和脂肪酸（SFA）、單元不飽和脂肪酸（MUFA）、多元不飽和脂肪酸（PUFA）及反式不飽和脂肪酸。結果：平均總脂肪攝取量佔每日熱量攝取量13.3%（12.2% SFA、11.2% MUFA、5.0% PUFA）。平均Omega 3（n-3）PUFA攝取佔0.5%的熱量攝取（長鏈n-3PUFA平均攝取260mg，由20碳5烯酸（EPA）、22碳5烯酸（DPA）及22碳6烯酸（DHA）組成），n-6：n-3 PUFA比值為9：1。膳食主要脂肪酸來源為棕櫚酸、油酸及亞麻油酸。肉類製品可貢獻最高量的總脂肪及MUFA攝取；奶類製品則貢獻最高量的SFA攝取；塗抹人造奶油、麵包及穀類為提供PUFA攝取的主要食物類別。魚類為長鏈n-3脂肪酸的主要來源。結論：這個族群基礎的調查研究說明澳洲老年族群的脂肪酸攝取，可作為研究膳食脂肪攝取與數種眼睛疾病相關的基礎。

關鍵字

脂肪酸 ； 藍山眼睛研究 ； omega-3脂肪酸 ； 膳食攝取 ； 魚

並列摘要

Objective: To document dietary intakes and food sources of fatty acids among older Australians.Design: Population-based survivor cohort.Setting: Two postcode areas in the Blue Mountains, West of Sydney, Australia.Subjects: In 1997-9, 2334 people aged 55 years and over, participated in a 5-year follow-up of the cohort attending the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES). Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire by 2005 persons (86% of those examined). Types of fats were classified as saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and trans unsaturated fatty acids.Results: Mean total fat intake contributed 31.3% of daily energy intake (12.2% SFA, 11.2% MUFA, 5.0% PUFA). Mean omega 3 (n-3) PUFA intake comprised 0.5% of energy intake (long chain n-3 PUFA provided mean intake of 260mg, consisting of eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) fatty acids) and the n-6: n-3 PUFA ratio was 9:1. The main fatty acids contributing to the diet were palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. Meat products were the highest contributors to total fat and MUFA intakes; milk products were the highest contributor to SFA intakes; and fat spreads and oils, and breads and cereals were the main food groups contributing to PUFA intakes. Fish was the main source of long chain n-3 fatty acids.Conclusions: This population-based descriptive study documents fatty acid intakes in a population of older Australians. It will serve as a basis for investigations of associations between dietary fatty acid intakes and a number of eye diseases.

並列關鍵字

fatty acid ； Blue Mountains Eye Study ； omega-3 fatty acids ； dietary intake ； fish