Collection is the core of a library. Developing and managing its collection on the basis of users' need is always the most important mission of a library, and appropriate collection establishment relies on the constitution of collection policy and the progress of book selection. In 2004 the Government Information Office has brought into force the rating system of printed materials to put an end to unhealthy books involving in sex or violence that harm children and adolescents, who are the major users of public libraries. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the basic principles of collection development and management in face of the rating system of printed materials. The present research discusses the related issues of establishing collection policies on restricted publications, in order to have appropriate readers read appropriately, to protect reading freedom, and to do justice to public libraries that have contemporary vocations in the information society with growing diversity and rapid transitions.