統計學電腦輔助教學教材軟體設計與研究

A Statistical Courseware Development and Students' Responses

吳鐵雄(Tieh-Hsiung Wu) ； 林清山(Chen-Shan Lin) ； 盧欽銘(Ching-Ming Lu)

《教育心理學報》 19期 (1986/05) Pp. 55-66

https://doi.org/10.6251/BEP.19860601.4

摘要

本研究的目的在應用心理學的原理原則編製教育統計的電腦輔助教學教材軟體。教材軟體之設計重點在分析學生之起點行為、終點行為、確立教學目標，並利用學習理論中的增強原理、評量及適應個別差異，逐漸達到教學目標。
本研究共設計完成了次數分配、平均數與標準差、標準分數、積差相關、和直線迴歸與預測五個單元。每一單元均強調：詳述教學目標、評量、增強作用、適應個別差異、採分支式教學設計、記錄學習過程、及診斷學習錯誤。教材軟體完成後，並利用大一、大二選修統計學之學生25人為受試，以瞭解他們對本軟體之感覺，經資料分析結果發現，受試者對教材軟體之教學目標、課程結構、教材內容、學習反應、操作與執行、及學習後意見等均表現滿意的意見。

並列摘要

This project uses theories of educational psychology in the development of CAI courseware on Educational Statistics. The tasks involved in the design of the courseware include the analysis of the entering behavior and the terminal behavior of the sequencing of the teaching materials on the basis of the learning theories like reinforcement, assessment, evaluation, and individual difference.
The development procedure includes the following steps: the design of the framework of the teaching materials, the analysis of the teaching objectives and materials, the programming, the evaluation, the completion of the final version of the courseware, and the evaluation of the project itself. The topics of the five units of courseware thus developed are: Distribution of Frequencies, Mean and Standard Deviation, Z-score and Linear Transformation, Product Moment Correlation, and Simple Regression Analysis. Each unit contains the following parts: the statement of the learning objectives evaluation procedure (including tests for preparatory evaluation, formative evaluation, and summative evaluation), reinforcement, branching, record-keeping, diagnostic and remedial procedures.
The courseware was tried on the Freshman and Sophomore students in the Department of Educational Psychology and the graduate students in the Institute of Guidance of National Taiwan Normal University. Questionnaires filled in by the students after working with the courseware are analyzed to determine their background knowledge of computers, their degree of satisfaction with the courseware, their results of learning, and their general reactions to the courseware. The advantages, the disadvantages, and the applicability of the courseware were also investigated
A complete review was done on the research procedure itself, especially on the problems encountered in the courseware design the mechanical features, and the manpower coordination. Findings and suggestions were proposed for reference of future studies.