台灣小學高年級生體型認知與飲食行為影響因素之分析

Perception of Body Shape and Factors that Affect Dietary Behaviors of Fifth and Sixth Graders in Taiwan

傅安弘(An-Hung Fu) ； 簡嘉靜(Jia-Jing Jien)

《臺灣營養學會雜誌》 37卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 36-50

https://doi.org/10.6691/NSJ.201203_37(1).0004

摘要

本研究目的為調查台灣本島高年級小學生的體型認知狀況與飲食行為（頻率與習慣），並分析影響小學生飲食行為之因素。採用分層比例的方式由台灣各地抽樣62所小學，共選取1,857份有效問卷樣本。研究結果顯示：體型正常者佔55％，自認體型與實際體型間有差距者佔37％。約每週會喝1次奶茶，約2週會喝1次汽水、吃1次宵夜、油炸食物；飲食習慣在會剝去油炸食物外層、選擇脫脂或低脂的奶製品這兩方面的頻率略低。整體而言，女生的飲食行為（頻率、習慣）較男生健康。在五項飲食行為因素中，部分飲食行為因素以五年級、居住於高密度地區、家庭社經地位高者較為正向。小學生學業成績「優等」者飲食行為顯著較其他等第為正向。小學生體型與飲食行為並無顯著關聯。

關鍵字

小學生 ； 體型 ； 飲食行為

並列摘要

The purposes of this study were to survey the perception of body shape and dietary behaviors (frequencies and habits), and to analyze factors that affect dietary behaviors of fifth and sixth graders in Taiwan. This study utilized a stratified proportional sampling to select 62 elementary schools across Taiwan. In total, 1857 valid questionnaires were collected. The results of this study indicated that 55% of participants had a normal body shape. Inconsistencies were found between self-recognized and actual body shapes among 37% of respondents. Respondents' dietary behaviors showed that they tended to drink milk tea once a week and drink soda pop, and eat snacks at night and fried foods about every 2 weeks. Lower frequencies were found on ”peeling the skin off of fried foods” and ”choosing skim or low-fat dairy products” than for other dietary habits. Generally, girls had healthier dietary behaviors (frequencies and habits) than boys did. Among five extracted factors of dietary behaviors, some factors were positively related to students who were in fifth grade, from an area with a high population density, and from a family with a higher socioeconomic status. Students with excellent academic grades conducted more positive dietary behaviors than those with lower grades did. There was no relationship between student body shapes and their dietary behaviors.

並列關鍵字

elementary school student ； body shape ； dietary behavior