應用於電動摩托車之電池管理系統研製

Development of a Battery Management System for Electric Scooters

林正乾(Muti J. C. Lin) ； 伍崇永(Chung-Yung Wu) ； 戴亞霖(Yai-Lin Dai)

《技術學刊》 30卷2期 (2015/06) Pp. 83-91

摘要

鋰錳或鋰鐵磷等鋰離子電池因具有較傳統鉛酸電池較高之能量與功率密度，因此廣為近代之電動二輪車所採用，然而鋰離子電池需要一可靠的電池管理系統來確保鋰離子電池能安全地發揮最大的效能。本論文深入探討電池管理系統之優缺點，並自行開發一套適用於電動二輪車之鋰鐵磷電池管理系統，所開發的電池管理系統具有準確的量測電路，能掌握電池的特性及殘餘電量估測；智慧型儀表則透過自製的車載資料擷取卡，讀取整車的數據資料，顯示出車輛的里程數、時速、殘餘電量及電池狀態燈號。本研究所開發出之電池管理系統可以準確的量測電池參數，並根據預設的值對電池進行過充或過放保護，也藉由自行研發的全域式主動互補平衡技術對串聯電池芯進行容量平衡的補救，殘電量估測則提供可靠的續航力資訊，本論文所完成的鋰鐵磷電池管理系統經長期測試評估顯示是一高階但低成本的商用電摩電池管理系統。

關鍵字

電池管理系統 ； 殘電量估測 ； 全域式主動互補平衡 ； 資料擷取卡

並列摘要

Lithium ion batteries are widely adopted by modern electric scooters due higher energy and power densities over conventional lead acid batteries. Since lithium ion batteries are vulnerable to limited operation, a reliable battery management system (BMS) is essential to safely exploit electrochemical benefits of various lithium ion batteries. This article investigated the performances of existing BMSs first. A BMS suitable for modern electric scooters was proposed and developed in the current study. The developed BMS is equipped with accurate measuring circuits for battery attributes including state of charge (SOC). Intelligent display system was facilitated by an in-house data acquisition system, which was designed to acquire vehicle's operating characteristics, like trip mileage, speed, SOC, state of health (SOH), cell voltages and currents. Battery over charge, over discharge, and over temperature were protected according to predetermined values. Cell capacity and internal resistance inconsistencies were compensated by an innovative global balance method. Via the data acquisition system, long term study of the developed BMS system for an electrical scooter was conducted and detailed in the article. Long term tests showed the developed BMS high in performance yet low in cost and suitable for commercial e-scooter application.

並列關鍵字

BMS ； SOC ； Global Balance Method ； Data Acquisition