嘉義縣茶山邊境部落旅遊發展的文化經濟與混合

以社區爲基礎的部落旅遊，已經成爲原住民族旅遊的重要形式，而邊境旅遊是近代新興起的旅遊形式，因此位處邊境的部落旅遊發展，應是值得研究的新課題。本文主要採用文化經濟取向，輔以邊境與混合觀點，選取茶山部落作爲研究個案，希望釐清茶山邊境部落旅遊的發展經驗，並經由個案研究經驗與文化經濟研究取向進行討論。研究發現：1.茶山邊境部落旅遊的差異發展，在於直接尋求與獲得中央政府協助，而非在地默默實踐；以及居於尊重多元族群而興建的涼亭，成爲旅遊文化標記的創意。2.茶山的邊境包含多重的意涵，包含行政的邊緣地區、多元族群混合（鄒族、布農族、漢族）的邊境地方，以及初期達谷布亞努族滅族傳說，制約族群的移住，所形成的邊境「空」間。3.茶山多元族群與混合文化所形成的合作慣習，成爲部落旅遊的在地內生力量，對於當代邊境旅遊合作的實踐與研究，都是考慮外在力量的跨區行政單位合作，可作爲補充。4.文化經濟取向是以建構地方認同作爲發展的策略，然而對於茶山部落旅遊發展的經驗而言，地方認同的建構之外，也需要依賴社會網絡與混合的關係。

關鍵字

部落旅遊；文化經濟；邊境；混合；茶山

並列摘要

Tribe tourism based on the community is an important form of aboriginal tourism in Taiwan. Recently border tourism has become a new trend all over the world. Tourism of the tribe located in border place is a researchable issue. The study uses culture economy approach and border, hybrid concepts as research perspectives, and selects Cayama tribe as study case. The study purpose includes exploration of tribe tourism experience, and discussion about culture economy approach with study case. This study discovers four points. Firstly, the difference of the tourism development in Cayama tribe lies in their seeking for and acquiring the assistance from central government directly, as well as creatively building bowers as tourism cultural marker for respecting multiple ethnic groups. Secondly, the border implication of Cayama includes frontier of administrative district, border place of multiple ethnic group hybridity, and empty area by Takopuyanu extermination legend. Thirdly, cooperation behavior is endogenous power of Cayama tribe tourism from multiple ethnic groups and hybrid culture, distinguishing exogenous power from administration cross-boundary cooperation. Lastly, place identity construction is important strategy of culture economy approach, but it needs supplement by social network and hybrid from Cayama tribe experience.