整枝與施肥對澎湖地區香瓜茄產量及品質之影響

Effect of Trimming and Fertility Levels on the Yield and Quality of Pepino in Penghu Area

韓青梅(C. M. Han)

《高雄區農業改良場研究彙報》 14卷1期 (2002/12) Pp. 22-30

https://doi.org/10.6958/RBKDAIS.200212.0022

摘要

為探討香瓜茄在澎湖地區最適之整枝方法、留果數、種植時期及合理化施肥技術，以提升香瓜茄之產量及品質，增加離島農民收益，經88年秋作及89年春作試驗結果得知，整枝以留4蔓，留果數則以留3果為最適當，不但果實較大，糖度高，風味好，且合格果之產量最高。試驗的三個種植期中，因香瓜茄性喜冷涼乾爽的氣候，故最適之種植時期，以9月15日為最適宜，其生產之香瓜茄果實品質好，比8月15日（CK）種植者增產96%，10月15日種植者次優，比8月15日（CK）增產65%，8月15日（CK）種植者最差。施用有機肥比不施用者（CK）顯著增產，有機肥之施用量每分地以施用1,500公斤最優，合格果產量平均每分地3,584公斤，比不施者增產84%。隨著有機肥施用量之增加，香瓜茄營養生長過於繁茂，果實品質及產量反而有下降之趨勢。採收後之香瓜茄果實利用聚乙烯袋包裝貯存於5℃下20天，仍可維持良好之品質。

關鍵字

澎湖地區 ； 香瓜茄 ； 整枝 ； 留果數 ； 有機肥

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to find an appropriate method of trimming, number of fruit setting, planting time, and adequate amount of organic fertilizer to improve yield and quality of pepino fruits, as well as to increase farmer's income in Penghu area. The experiment was conducted with 3 planting dates (8/15, 9/15 and 10/15), 2 trimming methods (4-, and 6-stems) and 6 levels of organic fertilizer (0, 500~2,500 kg/0.1ha) from Autumn of 1999 to Spring of 2000. To keep 4 stems per plant and 3 fruits/stem gave the highest good grade and total yield and the best quality, such as bigger fruit size, higher sugar content (°Brix) and better flavor. The highest yield was obtained on the planting date of September 15, and its average yield for good grade fruits was 2,730 kg/0.1ha, a 96% higher than the check. Application of 1,500 kg/0.1ha of organic fertilizer gave the highest good grade fruit yield and best quality, and its yield was 3,584 kg/0.1ha, a 84% higher than the control. Application of higher amount of organic fertilizer not only decreased the yield but also lower the quality. To store the harvested Pepino fruits in a polyethylene bags with 10 fruits/bag at 5°C for 20 days, the fruits remained good quality and freshness.

並列關鍵字

Penghu area ； Pepino ； Trimming ； Fruit setting ； Organic fertilizer