高達美的哲學詮釋學

Hans-Georg Gadamer's Philosophical Hermeneutics

連雋偉(Lian,Jun Wei)

《哲學與文化》 30卷11期 (2003/11) Pp. 63-92

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.200311.0063

摘要

本文旨在探討當代詮釋學大師高達美的哲學詮釋學思想。近代詮釋學理論自海德格之後，分為本體論詮釋學和方法論詮釋學兩派之間的論爭，高達美立基於海德格的理解是「此在」的存在方式之基礎上，回溯到柏拉圖的辯證對話，並透過黑格爾的辯證法創立哲學詮釋學，對後世的哲學及文學理論產生極大影響。目前探討高達美哲學詮釋學之有關文獻，大多將高達美有關柏拉圖論述，與其詮釋學作分開處理，卻忽略唯有透過高達美的柏拉圖詮釋，才能對其哲學詮釋學的精髓有充分的掌握。本文試圖以高達美的柏拉圖詮釋，來發掘其與哲學詮釋學的關係。高達美透過回溯到柏拉圖對話錄中的生動活潑、一來一往的對話，來揭示人類認識的有限性。詮釋並非社會科學一種嚴謹的法則，而是一種與他者共同參與創造意義的過程。

關鍵字

詮釋學 ； 哲學詮釋學 ； 本體論詮釋學 ； 辯證式對話 ； 理解 ； 視城 ； 柏拉圖

並列摘要

The is a brief study of Hans-Georg Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics. Since the publication of Martin Heidegger's Sein und Zeitin 1927, the hermeneutics are distinguished between traditional or methodological and radical or ontological hermeneutics. Based on early Heidergger's work, Gadamer interprets comprehension in ontological terms as one of the components of Dasein. It traces back to Plato's dialogue, and applies Hegel's dialectics. Further, Gadamer develops his philosophical hermeneutics, which has a tremendous impact on contemporary philosophy and literature. Most commentators on Gadamer's work, however, separate his work on Plato from his work on hermeneutics. This essay attempts to show that Gadamer's hermeneutics discloses itself in its most distinctive contours only in the light of his work on Plato. In going back to Plato, Gadamer tells us,　that any true conversations do not proceed geometrico, Instead, we move back and forth,　and it manifests the limitedness of all human knowing.　Thus,　hermeneutics is concerned not with the justification of　interpretive understanding as knowledge or science,　but rather it deals with different matters altogether.

並列關鍵字

hermencutics ； philosophical hermeneutics ； ontological hermeneutics ； dialogue in dialectic form ； understanding ； horizon ； Plato

參考文獻

Ermarth, M.(1981).The Transformation of Hermeneutics: 19th Century Ancients and 20th Century Moderns.Monist.64,175-194.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,D. E. Linge(trans./eds.)(1976).Philosophical Hermeneutics.Berkeley:California University Press.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,P. C. Smith (trans.)(1980).Dialogue and Dialectic: Eight Hermeneutical Studies on Plato.New Haven:Yale University Press.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,Robert R. Sullivan(trans.)(1985).Philosophical Apprenticeships.Cambridge:The MIT Press.

Gadamer, Hans-Georg,N. Walker(trans.),R. Bernasconi(eds.)(1987).The Relevance of the Beautiful and Other Essays.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.