長壽與成功老化

Longevity and Successful Aging

吳易謙(I-Chien Wu) ； 韓良誠(Liang-Cheng Hahn) ； 林錫璋(Xi-Zhang Lin)

《內科學誌》 19卷5期 (2008/10) Pp. 394-400

https://doi.org/10.6314/JIMT.2008.19(5).03

摘要

老年人口正快速增加，如何改善老年人的健康問題並延長其壽命是一重要課題。百歲人瑞不僅活得久且活得好，實足以作爲長壽及成功老化之研究模型。長壽需要特定基因組成與良好的生活習慣之配合，後者指的是運動、健康飲食及避免吸菸等。研究指出數種基因以及飲食熱量節制可能在長壽中扮演重要角色，然需要進一步研究去證實及深入探討可能之機轉。人口的成功老化可以用罹病期壓縮爲指標，且祐要條件除了慢性病之預防與治療之外，仍是建立良好的生活習慣，以及避免或改善常見老人症候群（認知功能隙礙、失智症、憂鬱症、跌倒、失禁、體重過輕、暈眩、視力隙礙、聽力障礙等）的發生。建立成功老化的臨床預測指標，以及改善醫療服務以促進成功老化，將是未來努力的方向。

關鍵字

長壽 ； 成功老化 ； 基因 ； 生活習慣 ； 罹病期壓縮 ； 老人症候群

並列摘要

As the population ages worldwide, promoting the well being of the elderly is becoming an important public health issue. Centenarians, who live not only a long and productive life but also a good, vigorous and disabilityfree life, could be considered a model of longevity and successful aging. Longevity depends on both specific longlife genes and healthy lifestyles. For most people, lifestyles are modifiable factors that could be adopted into daily activities. The components of healthy lifestyles are identified as regular exercise, appropriate diets, and avoidance of smoking. Recent studies indicate that the restriction of calorie intake, as well as genetic predispositions play major roles in longevity, which deserve further investigations. Successful aging in general population can be evaluated by the model of morbidity compression. In addition to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases, implementation of healthy lifestyle and avoiding or alleviating common geriatric syndromes (depression, falls, incontinence, low body mass index, dizziness, vision and hearing impairment, etc) are all required for successful aging. Identifying valid aging clinical markers as well as improving the delivery of health services will ultimately facilitate successful aging for all generations, which is long-waited for our societies.

並列關鍵字

Longevity ； Successful aging ； Gene ； Lifestyle ； Compression of morbidity ； Geriatric syndrome