Under the tides of informatization and globalization, the overall social environment is changing fast. Only effective knowledge leadership can bring about the power of change and growth to school education innovation and performance, thus to improve the overall competitiveness of the schools. This study aims to investigate the current situations of principals' knowledge leadership and school innovation management effectiveness in primary and secondary schools across Hsinchu County, Hsinchu City and Taoyuan County. Besides, it further surveys the influence of principals' knowledge leadership on the school innovation management effectiveness. The survey objects were the primary and secondary education personnel. The questionnaire method was employed, and the random sampling was conducted among 852 educators. The results showed: (1) Principals' knowledge leadership is in good condition; (2) School innovation management effectiveness is in good condition. (3) Principals' knowledge leadership has a significant and positive impact on school innovation management Effectiveness.