永續發展政策執行：公私夥伴、倡導聯盟和制度發展之探討

Implementing Sustainable Development Policy: PPPs, ACF & IAD Perspective

張世賢(Shih-Hsien Chang)

《中國行政評論》 16卷1期 (2007/12) Pp. 95-126

https://doi.org/10.6635/cpar.2007.16(1).04

摘要

永續發展政策為當代公共政策最重要的議題之一。本文從我國環境基本法探討。我國環境基本法明訂「永續發展係指做到滿足當代要求，同時不損及後代滿足其需要之發展」（第2條）並分別規定執行之要求，一是公私協力，夥伴關係執行，「國民、事業及各級政府應共負環境保護之義務與責任；國民、事業有協助政府實施環境保護相關措施之責任」（第4條）。二是倡導聯盟，共同倡導永續發展之理念，「各級政府應普及環境保護優先及永續發展相關之教導及學習，加強宣導」（第9條）。三是制度發展，「中央政府應制訂環境保護相關法規，策定國家環境保護計畫，建立永續發展指標，並推動實施之」（第7條）。
本文研究方法採用文獻分析法，就有關之資料加以分析，分析架構整合聯合國永續發展委員會夥伴關係分析架構、P.A. Sabatier倡導聯盟架構(ACF)、以及E. Ostrom制度發展(IAD)架構。本文研究發現：這三者可以整合，而以制度發展整合公私夥伴與倡導聯盟，並發現其中最核心者為永續發展資訊的透明化，才能倡導，才能公私夥伴協力並且以制度加以規範。本文結論提出永續發展政策的有效執行在強化環境污染資訊之易見性，增訂詳細法規，讓污染者無以逃避全民的監視。

關鍵字

永續發展政策 ； 公私夥伴 ； 倡導聯盟 ； 制度發展 ； 環境基本法

並列摘要

Sustainable development policy is one of the most important policies. This paper discusses Basic Environment Act with PPPs, ACF, IAD perspective. Sustainable development means satisfying contemporary needs without sacrificing the ability of future generation to satisfy their needs. In order to implement sustainable development policy, national government uses PPPs, ACF & IAD strategies.
For example, for PPPs, citizens, enterpriser and government entities at all levels shall jointly share the duties and responsibilities of protecting the environment. For ACF, government entities at all levels shall make widely available environment first and sustainable development education and study and strengthen public education to improve the environmental knowledge of citizens, establish environmental protection concepts and realize such concepts in daily life. For IAD, the central competent authority shall draft environmental protection laws and regulations, draw up national environmental protection plans, establish sustainable development indicators and promote and implement such laws and regulations, plans and indicators.
The method to carry on is documental analysis with document of UN Commission on Sustainable development, ACF of Prof. P.A. Sabatier, and IAD of Prof. E.Ostrom. And then, this study combines them in an integrative model of implementing sustainable development policy. This study finds that the key factor in implementing sustainable development policy is transparency, which impacts advocacy coalitions and partnerships and which should be regulated more clearly in environmental institutions.
The conclusion is that in order to implement sustainable development policy, institutional development should integrate PPPs and ACF, and it should prescribe more rules and regulations for PPPs and ACF and make environmental information more accessible, more visible for total audit.

並列關鍵字

advocacy coalition framework ACF ； Basic environment Act. ； institutional analysis and development IAD ； Public-Private partnerships PPPs ； sustainable development policy