黑格爾《歷史哲學》中的「整體性」概念

本文以黑格爾的《精神現象學》和《邏輯學》中的「整體性」概念爲基礎，來看他的《歷史哲學》中的「整體性」概念。黑格爾的「整體性」概念，一方面包含傳統哲學中強調「部分」與「整體」之有機關係的「結構整體」概念；另一方面，則強調「發展過程」之作爲一個「整體」。在《歷史哲學》中，黑格爾的「結構之整體性」的概念表現於「國家」概念，而其「發展之整體性」的概念則表現於「世界史」的概念。此外，「理性」與「世界史」之間錯綜複雜的關係也是本文論述的重點。

關鍵字

歷史哲學；整體性；理性；黑格爾

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the concept of ”totality” in Hegel's Philosophy of History The leading concept of Hegel's philosophy is ”totality”, whose first clear exposition can be found in Hegel's two major works, Phenomenology of Spirit and Logic. Therefore, it is helpful, even not necessary, to see ”totality” in Hegel's Philosophy of History by virtue of the understanding of the same concept in his Phenomenology of Spirit and Logic. Hegel's concept of ”totality” is two-dimensional: its ”structural” dimension manifests itself in Philosophy of History as the concept of ”state”, while its ”developmental” one as the concept of ”world history”. In addition, the complicated relations between ”reason” and ”world history” are discussed as well.