日本殖民地人類學“台灣研究”的重讀與再評價

Re-reading the "Taiwan Studies" of a Japanese Colonial Anthropology: A Proposal for Re-evaluation

丘延亮(Fred Y. L. Chiu)

《台灣社會研究季刊》 28期 (1997/12) Pp. 145-174

https://doi.org/10.29816/TARQSS.199712.0004

摘要

本文是作者近年來對「在台灣的人類學諸歷史」進行重讀與再思考的初步總結。旨在於針對日本殖民地人類學「台灣研究」及其「次東方學主義」―特別是關於原住民的論詰―進行批判的反省與解構；這個總結爲作者對漢人國族人類學進行重讀與再評價提供了反省的基礎。文章首先對東方學主義反省之闕如的現象提出質疑；次就漢人國族人類學對日本殖民地人類的認同加以解構。在史誌重構的基礎上，文章也對日本殖民地人類學的政經理脈與論詰構造粗加分析，從而對日本次帝國困局及其倆手間的「學術潮流」試作理脈敏感的理解。文末，作者以芝加哥大學史多謹教授四十年來在「人類學歷史」上的論詰踐行爲例，與新生的台灣殖民地人類學、台灣國族人類學之歷史研究及其祛殖民踐行互惕互勉。

關鍵字

日本殖民地人類學「台灣研究」 ； 漢人國族人類學 ； 論詰踐行 ； 歷史化 ； 理脈化 ； 人類學歷史 ； 人類學的祛殖民化 ； 祛殖民人類學

並列摘要

This paper is the frist installment of a larger reseach project which aims at re-reading and re-thinking the Anthropological discourses-specially those on the ”aborigines”-on Taiwan. The project attempts to initiate a deconstruction as well as an alternative narration of the discipline's past, historically and politically. Based on the observation of the amazing lack of reflexion on Orientalism-both in Japan and in Taiwan-, the paper firstly identified the collusive nature of the Han-national(ist) Anthropology vis-a-vis its predecessor., i.e. the Japanese Colonial Anthropology. In a context-sensitive fashion, the paper seeks to analyze the politico-economic conditions and discursive imparatives involved in the various phases of an anthropological exercise of imperial otherization/appropriation. Reviewing the career of George Stocking's works on histories of American Anthropology, the author suggests that a more self-reflexive and context-sensitive approach be incorporated into the newly devoloping studies of Japanese Colonial Anthropology and deconstruction of Han-national(ist) Anthropology in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

the "Taiwan Studies" in Japanese Colonial Anthropology ； the Han-national(ist) Anthropology ； Histories of Anthropology ； contextualization ； the de-colonialization of Anthropology ； the anthropology of de