中華民國空軍飛行員下背痛現況調查報告

本研究採用之問卷為航空生理訓練中心所設計，於87年間由空軍總部軍醫組發出515份，交由空軍各基地飛行員以不具名之方式填寫，實際回收有效問卷份數498份，回收率為96.69%。本次調查結果，有176人(35.3%)回答飛行生涯中曾罹患下背痛。最初發生下背痛時所使用之機種，以F-5戰機飛行員居多；發生時之飛行時數，多逾1,000小時以上；下背痛發生之頻率，以偶爾發生一次的比例最高，其次為每週飛行至少發生一次；每次發生的時機，以飛行結束當晚發作的比例最高；背痛之部位常侷限股下背，屬於牽引性疼痛，多數於隔日消失(38.1%)，但仍有23.3%之受訪者抱怨疼痛曾持續達一週之久，惟73.3%受訪者表示疼痛尚可忍受，不致影響任務。罹患下背痛之飛行員表示：發作後將影響睡眠品質(37.5%)、排斥體能活動(35.8%)、及影響工作情緒(28.4%)。具有背傷病史人員的受傷主因，以運動傷害最多；飛行因素之影響，依次為下背部缺乏支撐物(51.7%)、傘包影響坐姿(44.3%)、及飛行時間過長(43.2%)等。自F-5戰機煥裝IDF及F-16等新一代戰機的飛行員中，各有28.8%及25.4%認為13度及30度座椅易導致下背痛。罹患下背痛人員中僅有21.6%在飛行期間使用腰墊來預防下背痛之發生，而其中有86.8%認為效果甚佳。在所有受訪者當中，僅11員曾有椎間盤脫出(HIVD)病史，其中8員曾為此入院治療，經治療後有6員的病情已不再復發。

關鍵字

下背痛；新一代戰機；椎間盤脫出

並列摘要

This study is conducted by means of a questionnaire designed by Aviation Physiology Research Laboratory. A total of 498 questionnaires were anonymously completed and returned from 515 pilots. The result indicated an incidence rate of 35.3% on low back pain (LBP). A general picture of the LBP in our aircrew is as followed: This significant problem is most likely to appear in the F-5 fighter pilots. Their total flying time usually exceed 1,000 hours. The frequency of LBP episode is at least once per week. If occurred most commonly at night right after their flying. The pain was usually sensed in the lumbar region, and is a dragging ache. Mostly, it was relieved by bed rest on the following day (38.1%). However, some sufferers complained the pain lasting for one week (23.3%), even though the pain was well-tolerable (73.3%). The pilots which reported LBP considered this biomechanical stress had caused poor sleep quality (37.5%), few physical activity (35.8%), and bad work motivation (28.4%). Reviewing the etiology of back pain, we found the major causal factor was sport trauma. In addition, improper lumbar support (51.7%), inadequate parachute pack (44.3%), and prolonged flight mission (43.2%) might contributed to the onset of back pain. Since the advent of high-performance aircraft operation, many pilots (25.4%) have suggested that the 30° seat angle imposed another factor resulting in LBP. A small population of them (21.6%) used pneumatic lumbar bag and found quite satisfactorily. This study has also identified 11 cases of herniated vertebral disc (HIVD), in which 8 pilots were temparily ground and hospitalized. Six of them fully recovered and return to flight mission.

並列關鍵字

back low back pain LBP ； high-performance aircraft ； herniated vertebral disc HIVD

國際替代計量

中華民國空軍飛行員下背痛現況調查報告

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