台灣地區核醫實驗室安全調查及其因應之研究

Survey on Security and Precautions of Nuclear Medicine Laboratories in Taiwan

張錦標(Jin-Biou Chang) ； 張素雲(Shou-Chih Chang) ； 游永春(Yung-Chun Yu) ； 李馥紋(Fu-Wen Lee) ； 王昱豐(Yuh-Feng Wang)

《核子醫學雜誌》 17卷2期 (2004/06) Pp. 77-85

https://doi.org/10.6332/ANMS.1702.003

摘要

背景：核子醫學實驗室為進行放射免疫分析與造影，為高度傳染源與輻射源之作業環境，實驗室安全措施與輻射防護為醫院所重視。
方法：本研究針對台灣地區區域級(含)以上醫院之核子醫學實驗室醫檢師及放射師做結構式不記名問卷調查，計統計25家醫院、發出問卷205份，呡收有效之問卷佔62.0%(127/205)。研究目的包括：實驗室安全規範調查、實驗室安全設備調查、技術人員行為態度、人員救育與訓練、工作安全之感受。
結果：經分析發現，在實驗室安全規範調查分析項目，有50.8%的人員有閱讀游離輻射防護法規並簽名紀錄，也有51.6%的人員和道實驗室有張貼逃生疏散的路線圖。在實驗室安全設備調查分析中，63.7%的工作同仁確認其工作場所內有緊急淋浴設備，22.8%確認有沖眼設備，約一半(50.5%)的人員知道實驗室的電氣設備安全守則。技術人員行為能度調查分析部份，為病患施打放射性藥品時20.5%的同仁有按規定帶鉛套，而33.6%的人員了解違反檢驗室安全規定時將給予處罰。此外，在人員教育與訓練調查分析裡，40.7%的同仁知道或參與定期實驗室安全講習或演習，45.2%知道實習生或受訓的技術人員之感受調查分析指出，滿意者佔46.4%，其中以放射性藥品傷害被認為最需改善(44.8%)，而噪音問題(44.05)居次。
結論：實驗室安全規範為主管之職責，其中包括執行定期的再教育與不定期的抽測等年度計畫，及落實獎懲制度，以提昇實驗室安全品質。

關鍵字

核子醫學 ； 實驗室 ； 實驗室安全

並列摘要

Background: Nuclear medicine laboratories, because of the use of radioimmunoassays and image studies, have been the possible source of radioactive contamination. Therefore, safety precautions and preventing radiation exposure must be considered by hospitals.
Methods: We used a structural anonymous questionnaire given to the medical technicians of regional teaching hospitals and above in the Taiwan area. Five safety measures were surveyed, including the safety operating procedures and safety facilities of the laboratories, the staff’s working practices and attitude, education and training of staff, and their sense of working security. A total of 205 questionnaires were sent to 25 hospitals and the return rate was 62% (127/205).
Results: In terms of safety operation procedures, 50.8% of staff read radiation prevention rules and signed their names, and 51.6% knew there were route maps of evacuation posted in the laboratories. In terms of safety facilities, 63.7% and 22.8% of staff confirmed the laboratories had emergent shower and eye-washing instruments, respectively, and nearly half of staff (50%) understood safety rules for operating electrical equipment. The analysis of the staff’s working behavior and attitude showed that 20.5% wore lead jackets when injecting radiant drugs into patients, and 33.6% of staff knew they would be punished if violating safety rules. The analysis on education and training of staff showed that 40.7% of staff knew or ever participated in regular lectures or drills about security, and 45.2% knew that trainees should receive prevocational security lectures and sign their names. The analysis regarding the sense of working security showed that 46.4% of staff felt satisfied. Hazards from radiant drugs and noise were sited as areas in need of improvement by 44.8% and 44% of respondents, respectively.
Conclusion: The security of nuclear medicine laboratories requires diligent management, including annual plans for staff re-education and periodic spot testing, and a practical system of rewards and punishment in order to promote the quality of laboratory security.

並列關鍵字

nuclear medicine ； laboratory ； laboratory safety