政府與漢語穆斯林的互動關係－以1945年至1949年的北平漢語穆斯林社群為例

The Interaction between the Beiping City Government and Beiping Muslim Intellectuals- The Case of Beiping Muslim Community, 1945-1949

平山光將(Hirayama Mitsumasa)

《輔仁歷史學報》 33期 (2014/09) Pp. 185-214

摘要

本文探討日本投降至中共建政之前北平市政府的漢語穆斯林政策以及北平市政府與北平漢語穆斯林之間的互動。北平市政府對北平漢語穆斯林所組建的回民社團積極地介入。對此，北平漢語穆斯林運用向北平市政府請願及參加北平市參政會的手段來解決教案、教育、牛羊業者等北平漢語穆斯林社群的各個問題。可是北平市政府對漢語穆斯林的要求與呼聲隨機應對，沒有主動地解決北平回民社會各種問題。北平市政府對回民社會的問題消極應對的主要原因是該政府忙於應付國共内戰而需要籌資戰事費。本文強調政府對漢語穆斯林社群的想法與漢語穆斯林對政府的要求有很大的差距。

關鍵字

北平市政府 ； 國民政府 ； 漢語穆斯林 ； 漢語穆斯林社群

並列摘要

This investigates the Beiping City Government’s policy on Chinese Muslims and the interaction between that government and Beiping Muslim intellectuals, covering the period between the end of the Sino-Japanese War and the founding of the People’s Republic of China. The Beiping City Government was actively involved in the activities of Chinese Muslim groups. In this regard, Beiping Muslim intellectuals utilized the means of petition as well as participation in the Beiping City Political Council to solve various problems facing Beiping Muslim community, such as religious disputes, education, livestock industry and so on. However, the government took no initiative to solve the problems, as revealed by its ad hoc response to the petition lodged by Beiping Muslim intellectuals. The major reason underlying such response is that the Beiping City Government had to grapple with the need of financing the civil war between the Nationalists and the Communists. This article emphasizes that the thinking of the Beiping City Government on Muslim community fell far short of the Muslim intellectuals'demand on the Government.

並列關鍵字

The Beiping City Government ； the Nationalist Government ； Beiping Muslim intellectuals ； Beiping Muslim community ； Chinese Muslim Association

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