十七世紀荷蘭改革宗教會在臺灣與巴達維亞的宗教教育－教義教材的比較分析

The Religious Education of the Dutch Reformed Church in 17th-Century Taiwan and Batavia: A Comparative Study on Catechisms

查忻(Hsin Samuel Cha)

《輔仁歷史學報》 35期 (2015/09) Pp. 105-151

摘要

基督新教在十七世紀隨著荷蘭聯合東印度公司的海外擴張而進入東亞，荷蘭改革宗教會的神職人員在亞洲各地教化原住民時，為了使原住民瞭解荷蘭改革宗教會的信仰，以原住民可理解的語言編寫各種教義教材，或是翻譯聖經，以教導各地的原住民。這些以葡萄牙語、馬來語、西拉雅語或虎尾壠語等編譯的文獻，因各種原因被保存或是出版。在本文中筆者以十七世紀中葉開始編纂，並使用於巴達維亞與臺灣的三個語言－馬來語、西拉雅語及虎尾壠語－的教義教材為文本進行分析比較，探討三者之間的異同。由本文的分析可見，三種教義教材在結構上各有特色，但編排次序與內容等方面都受到《海德堡教理問答》的影響，惟各地區仍會因住民對基督宗教的程度不同而有所調整。基督宗教辭彙的翻譯與應用方面，則因各地區已有的宗教文化而有不同。

關鍵字

荷蘭改革宗教會 ； 教理問答 ； 十七世紀 ； 馬來語 ； 西拉雅語 ； 虎尾壠語

並列摘要

The Dutch Reformed Church, accompanying with the expansion of VOC in the 17th century, arrived in East Asia. The ministers compiled various teaching materials and translated the Bible with indigenous languages in order to propagate Christianity. These materials, published and unpublished, in Portuguese, Malay, Sirayan as well as Favorlanger, were reserved till today. In this essay, I would like to analyse and compare the catechisms circulated in Batavia and Taiwan, written in Malay, Sirayan and Favorlanger, which were all compiled after mid-17th century. These catechisms in three languages were all influenced by Heidelberg Catechism, but also had their distinguishing features in structures, choices of questions and answers, as well as glossaries, in order to fit indigenous understanding.

並列關鍵字

The Dutch Reformed Church ； Catechism ； Malay ； Sirayan ； Favorlanger

參考文獻

Catechismus in het Maleis, door ds. Joannes Roman te Batavia, 17de eeuw, nummer 198, Archief van de Classis Amsterdam van de Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk (Toegangsnummer 379), Stadsarchief Amsterdam, Amsterdam.

Adlung, Johann Christoph. Mithridates oder allgemeine Sprachen- kunde mit dem Vater Unser als Sprachprobe in bey nähe fünf- hundert Sprachen und Mundarten. Berlin: Vossischen Buch- handlung, 1806.

Gravius, Daniel, ed. Patar ki Tna-'msing-an ki Christang, ka Taukipapatar- en-ato Tmæu'ug tou sou ka Makka Si-deia, Ofte, 't Formulier des Christendoms, met de Verklaringe van dien, inde Sideis-Formosansche Taal. Amsterdam: Michiel Hartogh, 1662.

Landwehr, John(ed.)(1991).VOC: a Bibliography of Publications Relating to the Dutch East India Company, 1602-1800.Utrecht:HES Publishers.

Mooij, Jacob, ed. Bouwstoffen voor de Geschiedenis der Pro- testantsche Kerk in Nederlandsch-Indië, deel 1. Weltevreden: Landsdrukkerij, 1927.