跳遠不同起跳角之動力學研究

The Dynamic Study on Different Angles of Takeoff in Long Jump

邱靖華

《體育學報》 17期 (1994/08) Pp. 197-210

https://doi.org/10.6222/pej.0017.199408.2914

摘要

本研究主要是應用彈簧振動力學原理，建立跳遠起跳角之動力學模型，經模擬後發現：
1．起跳角的大小乃由踩板瞬間重心之水平、垂直速度，與起跳期間水平、垂直蹬力等四個變數所決定。
2．抛射體以45°拋射時能產生最大拋射距離，但此一理論不適用於跳遠，因起跳角是依變數，非自變數。
3．在一定的推蹬力條件下，以提高起跳角來改善成績是不正確的作法。
4．起跳角愈大時，抵抗壓縮所須的最大負值功率愈小。

並列摘要

This study adopts vibration to establish the dynamic model of the angle of take off in long jump. The finding show that:
1. The angle of takeoff depends on hour variables: the horizontal and vertical velocities of the gravity in the board-stepping moment, and the horizontal and vertical during the takeoff.
2. though the maximum distance is achieved when the projectile projects at 45°, the situation can't be applied to long jump. This is because the angle of take off is a dependent variable, not an independent one.
3. With same ground. reaction force off, it is unpractical to increase the angle of takeoff to improve the performance.
4. the greater the angle of takeoff, the less the negative Power against the Contraction.