膠帶製造業勞工甲苯暴露調查和通風工程改善

Survey of Toluene Exposure for Manufacturing Worker of Adhesive Tape and Engineering Control

周瑞淑(Jui-Shu Chou) ； 方澤沛(Jer-Pei Fong) ； 石東生(Tung-Sheng Shih) ； 李聯雄(Lien-Hsiung Lee)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 17卷4期 (2009/12) Pp. 412-423

https://doi.org/10.7005/JOSH.200912.0412

摘要

甲苯為國內常用溶劑，近年來，發現甲苯過量暴露會對人類造成肝、腎、心臟、生殖危害和聽力損失等，因此長期職業性甲苯暴露危害是不容忽視。本研究針對膠帶製造業，進行勞工甲苯暴露調查及上膠機台之通風工程改善。
甲苯暴露調查之採樣分析方法，是參照行政院勞工委員會採樣分析建議方法第1235號，以活性碳管為採集介質，二硫化碳為脫附溶劑，再以氣相色層分析儀及離子火燄偵測器進行定量分析。測試結果顯示：甲苯之檢量線濃度範圍為︰0.008~4.310 mg/mL，檢量線的相關係數r值在0.995以上。活性碳管內的甲苯平均脫附效率為102.67%。完成環測分析方法測試後，即對12家膠帶工廠進行作業環境測定，結果顯示空氣中甲苯之幾何平均濃度（幾何標準差）介於0.8~44.6 ppm(1.8~8.2 ppm)。另以吹吸式氣罩進行上膠機台通風工程改善，結果區域性之甲苯平均暴露濃度由148.0 ppm降至31.0 ppm，顯著降低作業場所甲苯濃度79%以上，這套設備不影響既有製程、膠帶品質，能有效地將甲苯氣體導引至回收管路中，又可達到保護作業員工免受過量之甲苯暴露危害。
本研究已完成膠帶製造業勞工甲苯危害暴露追蹤調查，並成功建立膠帶製造廠之上膠機台之通風工程改善技術。

關鍵字

膠帶製造業 ； 甲苯 ； 環境測定 ； 通風工程改善

並列摘要

Toluene is a solvent widely used in Taiwan. It has been reported recently that overexposure to toluene is associated with liver, kidney and heart toxicity, possible disturbances to reproduction and hearing loss in humans. Therefore, It did not neglect the long term of occupational toluene-exposed harm. This study surveyed the exposure assessment of toluene in a tape manufacturing plant and improved the ventilation of coating department.
Environmental monitoring of airborne toluene exposure was done using the Council of Labor Affairs (CLA) 1235 method. The coconut charcoal tube was adopted as sampling medium, carbon disulfide was the desorption solvent, and gas chromatography combined with a flame ionization detector was the analytical instrument. The result showed that the correlation coefficients of toluene was greater than 0.995 over the concentration range of 0.008 to 4.310 mg/mL. The mean desorption efficiency of toluene was 102.67 %. The result of toluene exposure for 12 tape manufactureing plant showed that the geometric mean concentration of toluene (geometric standard deviation) were 0.8~44.6 ppm (1.8~8.2 ppm) in workplace. This part of study also focused on the new engineering control (push-pull type hood) for coating department. The result showed that the area mean sampling concentration of toluene were dramatically reduced from 148 ppm to 31 ppm, significantly decreased the emission source. This new equipment did not effect the manufacturing process, quality of adhesive tape production and exhausted toluene vapour were recycled into pipe. Briefly, the workers would not suffer from excess tolueneexposed.
We conclude that this study had accomplishedly surveyed the exposure assessment of toluene in a tape manufacturing plant and successfully improved the ventilation of coating department.

並列關鍵字

Tape manufactureing plant ； Toluene ； Environmental measurement ； Engineering control

參考文獻

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