1910至1930年代臺灣傳統建築彩繪匠司譜系之探討

A Study on the Lineage of Taiwanese Traditional Architectural Paintings from 1910s to 1930s

蔡雅蕙(Ya-Hui Tsai) ； 徐明福(Ming-Fu Hsu)

《民俗曲藝》 169期 (2010/09) Pp. 89-144

https://doi.org/10.30157/JCRTF.201009.0003

摘要

臺灣於十七世紀開始大量湧進漢人，直到清中葉以後，由於政經明顯發展，來臺人口大量增加，因此也帶動廟宇及富紳宅第的興建，同時禮聘「唐山司傅」爲建築裝修也成爲營建工程中品質加分的象徵，一直到戰後初期，部份大陸匠司隨國民政府來臺定居，也影響了傳統彩繪風格的走向，與戰前有着截然不同的樣貌。
依據文獻及田野調查歸納，臺灣的傳統建築彩繪發展約可分爲明清時期、日治時期以及戰後至今等三個主要的時期，而這三個時期的彩繪作品在不同的時空環境下，也呈現各具特色的樣貌。其中，以目前作品的數量來看，1910至1930年代是日治時期建築彩繪發展最爲興盛的時期，因此，本研究以匠司譜系的角度作爲切入點，探討日治時期臺灣傳統建築彩繪之發展，其重點包括：一、從文獻中探討臺灣對於彩繪匠司研究的現況。二、整理1910至1930年代彩繪匠司的譜系。三、從匠司譜系分析歸納彩繪匠司的傳承特色。
臺灣傳統建築彩繪的研究可包含師承、分工體系、彩繪內容、施作流程、材料技術及保存修護等議題，其範圍可說相當廣泛，本文藉由匠司訪談、建築調查及各種資料的輔助，擬逐步建立較完整真實的傳統建築彩繪匠司譜系，將有助於擴大研究傳統藝術的變遷與脈絡。

關鍵字

傳統彩繪 ； 匠司 ； 譜系 ； 建築裝飾 ； 日治時期

並列摘要

Han immigrants poured into Taiwan during the seventeenth century. With the political and economical development in mid-Qing dynasty, the number of immigrants increased. Temples and mansions were erected accordingly. Hiring master craftsman from China to construct or renovate buildings became a measure that guaranteed high-quality architecture. After WWII, some craftsmen moved to Taiwan with the Nationalist Government. Their craftsmanship influenced the style of traditional paintings on architecture, exhibiting a fashion different from that of pre-War times.
According to information gathered from written sources and field research, the development of Taiwan's traditional architectural painting can be divided into Ming-Qing period, Japanese Colonial period, and Post-War period. Each demonstrates its unique mode under different historical background. Judging from the amount of extant works, the period from 1910s to 1930s is the one when development of Taiwanese architectural painting reached its peak. In this article, I intend to explore the development of traditional architectural paintings in Taiwan during the Japanese Colonial period. Points to investigate include, 1) state-of-the-field review, 2) lineage mapping of the painting craftsmen, 1910-1930, and 3) analysis of the features of the craftsmen's painting.
The research on the traditional architectural painting in Taiwan covers a wide-range of subjects, such as lineage of schools, division of labor, contents of the paintings, construction process, material-specific techniques, preservation and repair. Based on interviews with the craftsmen, investigations on the architecture and corroborating materials, this article intends to build up a more complete and correct lineage map of traditional painting craftsmen. It expects to shed light on benefit the research on the changes and traits of development of traditional arts.

並列關鍵字

traditional architectural painting ； craftsman ； lineage ； architectural decoration ； Japanese Colonial period

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