我國立法院委員會專業化與黨團協商透明化之分析

A Study on How to Professionalize the Committee Function and Uncover the Party Coordination in Legislative Yuan

趙弘章(Hong-Chang Chao)

《中山人文社會科學期刊》 13卷1期 (2005/06) Pp. 37-54

https://doi.org/10.6749/JSS.200506_13(1).0002

摘要

2004年8月23日立法院通過憲法修正案，旋於今(2005)年5月14日選出「任務型國大」進行修憲複決。蓋本次修憲的重點之一在於立委席次減半、選舉制度改採「單一選區兩票制」，此方案通過後，第七屆立法院之議事制度勢有必要加以全面檢視。本文從檢討立法院現行議事制度之缺失為起點，認為最迫切需要改革的議題分別為：委員會專業化與黨團協商制度透明化二者。其次，作者認為：黨團協商制度法制化後，使得立法院立法制度既非委員會中心主義，亦非院會中心主義，而是朝黨團協商中心主義傾斜，而此一現象不僅壓抑了委員會專業性，也破壞了正常的讀會制度。因此，未來立法院議事制度之改革必須以宏觀的角度，配套修改委員會與黨團協商制度。作者以其長期工作經驗提出議論，並以觀察所得提供改革之方向。

關鍵字

委員會專業化 ； 黨團協商 ； 國會改革

並列摘要

The Legislative Yuan passed the bill of Constitutional Amendment on August 23 last year. The National Assembly approved this Amendment on June 7, 2005. According to this Amendment provisions the Legislative Yuan seats will be reduced from 225 to 113, in which, 78 elected from single-member electoral district, 35 from the proportion of party vote turnout.
This Constitutional Amendment is recognized as a reform of Taiwan's Legislative power. However, the author's view point is that the next reform should be professionalizing the Committee's function and uncovering the party coordination in Legislative Yuan. The Committee of Congress, both the House and the Senate, work well in preparing legislative data, research and investigations, Either Committees or sub-Committees has the specific functions and concerns. Committee members are selected by seniority. Though the functions of Legislative Yuan's Committee are similar to the US Congress, but Taiwan does not take the seniority system and ignores Committee's requirement of professional knowledge. My research assumes that covert party coordination is the reason why the Legislative Yuan is critically inefficient. This research tries to dig out the strategy to enhance the legislative efficiency in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

The Legislative Yuan ； procedural reform ； committee specialization ； party caucus negotiation