海外留學跨文化經驗對自我效能與未來機會展望的影響：人格特質的調節效果

The Effect of Cross-Cultural Experiences in Study Abroad on Individual's Self-Efficacy and Focus on Opportunity: Personality Traits as a Moderator

許金田(Chin-Tien Hsu) ； 曹文瑜(Wen-Yu Tsao)

《人力資源管理學報》 14卷3期 (2014/09) Pp. 63-90

https://doi.org/10.6147/JHRM.2014.1403.03

摘要

本研究主要是以社會認知理論為基礎，探討海外留學跨文化經驗對大學生未來機會展望的影響歷程，因此，本研究有四個目的：首先，探究大學生的海外留學跨文化經驗對其未來機會展望的影響，其次，解析大學生的海外留學跨文化經驗對自我效能的影響；第三，瞭解自我效能對海外留學跨文化經驗與未來機會展望之間所扮演的中介角色；最後，探討人格特質對上述關係的調節效果。本研究以台灣地區曾經赴海外留學的大學生為對象共獲356份有效樣本。結果發現：（1）大學生海外留學跨文化經驗越豐富，其未來機會展望信念越高；（2）海外留學跨文化經驗與自我效能之關係具有正向關聯性；（3）大學生海外留學跨文化經驗會透過自我效能進而影響其未來機會展望；（4）大學生之外向性人格特質對海外留學跨文化經驗與自我效能之間關係具有弱化的調節效果。

關鍵字

海外留學跨文化經驗 ； 自我效能 ； 未來機會展望 ； 開放性 ； 外向性

並列摘要

Drawing from the social cognitive theory, this study has four objectives: first, to assess the effect of undergraduate student's Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad on their focus on opportunities and self-efficacy, respectively. Second, to test the mediating effect of undergraduate student's self-efficacy on the relationship between their Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad and focus on opportunities. Finally, to explore the moderating effect of undergraduate student's personality (openness to experience, extraversion) on the relationship between their Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad and self-efficacy. This research involved a survey, comprised of questionnaires concerning Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad from 375 undergraduates. Results indicated that undergraduate student's Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad was positively related to focus on opportunities and self-efficacy, respectively, and self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad and focus on opportunities. Furthermore, extraversion moderates the relationship between Cross-cultural Experiences in Study Abroad and self-efficacy, such that the relationship is stronger when undergraduate student with the lower extraversion. Finally, the limitations of the research are discussed and suggestions for further research are proposed.

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