Q研究法之簡介

Introduction of Q-Methodology

楊嘉玲(Chia-Ling Yang) ； 陳美伶(Mei-Ling Chen)

《長庚護理》 12卷2期 (2001/06) Pp. 144-153

https://doi.org/10.6386/CGN.200106_12(2).0006

摘要

多數的行爲科學研究法都適用鈴通則性研究，即根據多數受測者在測驗上的表現制定出常模，然後進行相關的統計分析，雖然通則性研究確有其價值，但有時仍需作自比性研究或個人間關聯分析研究。因而可追溯至1953年，Stephension提出了一種專門研究人類主觀性感覺的研究法「Q研究法」，其是透過Q歸類的實施程序來蒐集資料，進而進行統計分析，以了解個人行爲變化，或團體內聚集分析的研究法。Q研究法對於瞭解人類主觀經驗及其變化十分有用，Q研究法是一種強而有力的研究法，且稱得上是研究法上的一大突破。然而，少有人對此法作有系統的整理與推廣，因此懂得以此法作研究者少，致使Q研究法未受到應有的重視。因此本文旨在簡介Q研究法之沿革、內涵、適用範圍、研究方法、資料分析方法及其優點與限制。期待未來Q研究法能被護理領域之研究者廣泛應用。

關鍵字

Q研究法 ； Q歸類 ； Q因素分析

並列摘要

Most studies of behavioral science use a nomothetic approach where a norm is established based on the performance of a group of people. Appropriate statistical analyses are then applied to the group measurements. Although the nomothetic approach has its value, ipsative approach or individual relationship approach is also necessary. Stephenson first proposed Q- methodology in 1953. This methodology emphasizes people's subjective feeling, The Q-sort procedure is used to collect data for statistical analysis in order to understand individual behavioral changes or clustering in a group. Q-methodology is a relatively new and powerful methodological technique. However, due to lack of systemic review and dissemination, Q-methodology has not been used by researchers frequently and has received little attention in Taiwan. This article focuses on the history, meanings, indications, technical procedures, data analysis, advantages, and limitations of Q-methodology. Hopefully, Q-methodology will be used widely in the future by nurse researchers to understand people's subjective feeling.

並列關鍵字

Q-methodology ； Q-sort ； Q-factor analysis