運用人因工程降低護理人員作業環境中產生不當姿勢比率之專案

A Project of Utilizing Ergonomics in Reducing the Frequency of Improper Posture in the Working Environment for Nurses

紀麗雪(Li-Hsueh Chi) ； 方蓉慧(Rung-Huei Fang) ； 鄭順意(Shun-Yi Cheng) ； 周繡玲(Hsiu-Ling Chou)

《長庚護理》 28卷3期 (2017/09) Pp. 439-449

https://doi.org/10.3966/102673012017092803005

摘要

背景：工作環境設計缺失容易導致員工產生不當姿勢，長期容易造成肌肉骨骼累積性傷害。經2013 年調查發現，本單位一天之中共15 位護理人員於作業環境產生不當姿勢累積次數高達1769 次，平均117.9 次/ 位，發現不當姿勢比率高主因，包括：人員認知不足且無適切輔具輔助取物；物品擺設、大小、高低及輔具等未能符合作業人員；缺乏作業環境整體規劃及定期檢視查核機制。目的：專案旨在降低護理人員於臨床工作時產生不當姿勢比率，進而提高滿意度。解決方案：介入人員在職教育訓練、標語張貼、增購輔具、運用人因工程概念規劃物品擺放以及制定查核機制等。結果：專案執行後，護理人員於作業環境產生不當姿勢累計次數由1769 次降至488 次，平均由117.9 次降至32.5 次/位；對於作業環境整體感受感到滿意的由50.7% 提升至87.5%。結論：本專案可有效減少護理人員於作業環境產生不當姿勢比率、提高對作業環境整體感受滿意度，期望能將專案成效推展至相關單位，以營造優質化的工作環境。

關鍵字

作業環境 ； 不當姿勢 ； 人因工程

並列摘要

Background & Problems: Lack of work environment design may cause improper posture in employees, and even lead to long term cumulative musculoskeletal injuries. From a survey in 2013, we found that within a day there were 15 nurses in the working environment of our unit having improper posture, with the accumulation of 1769 times, and an average of 117.9 times/person. We found that the main cause of improper posture included: lack of knowledge; lack of appropriate assistive devices; setting, size and height of equipment not meeting the needs of the workers; lack of overall environment planning, and lack of regular checklist monitoring. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to reduce the frequency of improper posture of nurses during work, thereby to increase job satisfaction. Resolution: Several interventions were included, such as staff in-service education and training, slogans posted, purchase of assistive devices, use of ergonomics concepts to redesign materials and equipment placement, and development of checklist monitoring etc. Results: After intervention, the frequency of improper posture of nurses in the working environment reduced from 1769 times to 488 times, with an average reduction of 117.9 times to 32.5 times/person. The overall job satisfaction in the working environment was improved from 50.7% to 87.5%. Conclusion: This project was effective in reducing the frequency of improper posture of nurses in the working environment, and improving the overall job satisfaction. Hopefully we may extend this project to related units, to create a high efficient work environment.

並列關鍵字

working environment ； improper posture ； ergonomics

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