老人自主性、代間情感與其生活滿意度之關聯

Elders' Autonomy, Intergenerational Affection and Life Satisfaction

黃筱君(Hsiao-Chun Huang) ； 鄧皓引(Hao-Yin Teng) ； 利翠珊(Tsui-Shan Li)

《輔仁民生學誌》 18卷1期 (2012/06) Pp. 45-65

https://doi.org/10.29440/FJJHE.201206.0003

摘要

研究目的：台灣已進入高齡化社會，並向高齡社會邁進，老年人的生活品質是越來越需要關注的議題，在西方文化裡，擁有自主權力的老人對其生活具有正面的效果，而在華人社會中，家族與親屬互動也深深影響老人的生活。因此，本研究以自主性與代間關係分別探討老人的生活滿意度，並初編適用於華人的老人自主性量表。研究方法：本研究採問卷調查方式向大台北地區60歲以上老人進行施測，共回收293份有效問卷，參與者以女性居多，佔全體人數之61.8%。研究結果：本研究以探索性因素分析呈現自主性可包含「獨立」與「自由決定」兩個概念。在「獨立」上，教育程度為專科的老人高於國小畢業者；經濟來源為工作所得的老人，獨立性也高於需要子女奉養者。而居住狀況在「自由決定」上也有差異，獨居者或和子女同住的老人，能自由決定的程度皆比住在機構的老人高。階層迴歸分析的結果進一步顯示，在考量老人的經濟與健康狀況下，老人自主性越高，其生活越滿意，此外，老人與子女的代間情感亦能提昇他們的生活滿意度。研究結論：本研究提出老人的教育程度、經濟來源與居住狀況在自主性上的差異，更進一步驗證要提高老人的生活滿意度，自主性與代間情感是正向且重要的預測因子。

關鍵字

老人 ； 自主性 ； 代間情感 ； 生活滿意度

並列摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the relation between autonomy, intergenerational affection and life satisfaction of the elders. Methods: This study used a questionnaire survey to collect the data, and the participants were 293 elders who were living in Taipei area and over the age of 60. Some came from the elder organizations and others introduced by researcher's friends, or classmates. Results: An exploratory factor analysis was done to identify 2 subscales of ”independence” and ”self-determination”. The elders who graduated from college had higher independence than who have only elementary degree. Live situations were significant different on liberty, the elders who lived in the old person institution had the least liberty. Otherwise, to control elders' economic and health situation, Hierarchical regression indicated that autonomy was positively predicted life satisfaction. Furthermore, we found intergenerational affection also positively predicted elders' life satisfaction. The model total explained 52% of variance of predicting elders' life satisfaction. Conclusions: This study identified 2 sub-constructs of autonomy. The results also supported our hypothesis revealed that higher autonomy and better intergenerational affection could make elders have satisfied old age.

並列關鍵字

elders ； autonomy ； intergenerational affection ； life satisfaction