高齡者家庭支持、自我價值和活躍老化之關聯研究

A Study of the Relations among Family Support, Self-Value and Active Aging for the Elders

莊子瑩(Tzu-Ying Chuang) ； 陳若琳(Jo-Lin Chen)

《輔仁民生學誌》 23卷2期 (2017/12) Pp. 65-82

摘要

本研究旨在探究高齡者家庭支持、自我價值和活躍老化之關聯，研究對象為502位雙北市樂齡大學和樂齡學習中心的高齡者學員，使用「家庭支持量表」、「自我價值量表」和「活躍老化量表」等測量工具，進行問卷調查。研究結果發現，高齡者知覺家庭支持傾向符合，透過成對樣本t檢定，高齡者知覺家庭情感性支持、實質性支持相對較高，以訊息性支持相對較低；高齡者的自我價值傾向同意，顯示高齡者知覺自我價值良好；高齡者活躍老化傾向符合，以參與相對較高，其次是健康，以安全相對較低。再者，由皮爾森積差相關分析發現，高齡者家庭支持、自我價值和活躍老化呈現顯著中度正相關，家庭支持的實質性支持、訊息性支持和情感性支持和活躍老化為顯著中度正相關，自我價值和活躍老化呈現顯著中度正相關。最後，由階層迴歸分析發現，高齡者家庭支持、自我價值對活躍老化具有顯著解釋力，全部變項共有43%-59%的解釋量，其中高齡者家庭支持中的情感性支持和實質性支持與自我價值對其活躍老化有正向解釋力。根據研究結果，本研究提供家庭、機構和政府相關單位實務建議並提供未來研究方向的具體建議。

關鍵字

高齡者 ； 家庭支持 ； 自我價值 ； 活躍老化

並列摘要

The study primarily focused on the relations of family support, self-value and active aging for the elders. The study adopted the questionnaire research method. Participants were the elder learners from Senior Citizens Learning Universities and the Senior Citizens Learning Centers in Taipei and New Taipei cities. The instruments included ＂family support scale＂, ＂self-value scale＂ and ＂active aging scale＂. Five hundred and two participants completed the questionnaires. The main findings were summarized as followed：The overall means in family support, self-value and active aging were above average. The emotional support and instrumental support were relatively higher, and the informational support was relatively lower in family support scales. The self-value were above average, the perception of self-value was good. The social participation was relatively higher, and the security was relatively lower in active aging scales. According to the results of Pearson correlations, family support and self-value were significantly positively and moderately related to active aging. The emotional support, informational support and instrumental support of the family support scales were significantly positively and moderately related to the active aging scale. The self-value scales were significantly positively and moderately related to the active aging scale. The results of the hierarchial regressions indicated that family support and self-value had significantly positive influence on the active aging. The total variables explained 43% to 59% variance of the active aging scales for the elders. Especially, the emotional support and instrumental support of the family support scales and self-value scale had significantly positive prediction on the active aging. Based on these findings, suggestions were provided for families, institutions and government. Issues for the further study were also included.

並列關鍵字

Elders ； Family support ； Self-value ； Active aging