According to the literatures, the article mainly reviewed and discussed the influence of vitamins on the oral and periodontal tissue diseases. The article first proposed the definition, character, classification of vitamins and described the deficiency and overdose of vitamins causing metabolic disturbances and symptoms of diseases. Afterwards, we discussed that vitamins may be contributing factor to oral and periodontal tissue disease, as well as to the influence of clinical outcome of preventing and treating oral and periodontal diseases. However, all of these studies still need further research to support.