後工業城市成年人吸菸與戒菸行爲之盛行率分析

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Quitting among Adults in a Post-industrial City

葉淑杏(Shu-Hsing Yeh) ； 曾弘富(Hung-Fu Tseng)

《醫護科技學刊》 9卷4期 (2007/10) Pp. 267-282

https://doi.org/10.6563/TJHS.2007.9(4).2

摘要

目標：工業重鎮高雄市目前正面臨城市轉型與產業更新之挑戰，調查此一後工業城市居民之吸菸盛行率及對菸害防制之認知，並探討與吸菸及戒菸行爲有關之因素，對於我國建構無菸城市及國家深具指標性意義。方法：以18歲以上成年居民爲研究對象，採分層兩階段等比例隨機抽樣，由具專業公衛護士於2004年9-12月問進行家戶訪視，計收集1,056名案例。結果：(1)成人男性與女性目前有吸菸之比率爲38.1%與3.5%，戒菸率男性爲9.3%，女性爲0.4%；(2)開始吸菸的平均年齡爲20.5歲，男性爲20.2歲，女性爲24.6歲；(3)對菸害防制法的認知僅具有中等程度，但有7成的受訪者贊成菸害防制法的施行；(4)與吸菸行爲有關的因素爲性別、年齡、自覺健康狀況、是否嚼食檳榔、同住者是否吸菸、工作場所／學校有無禁菸規定、及對公共場所禁菸之態度；與戒菸行爲有關之因素爲年齡、自覺健康狀況、及對公共場所禁菸之態度。結論：針對工業城市中男性、勞工、青少年、老年人等不同吸菸族群的特性，經由教育與宣導，於其重要群聚場域進行多元化整合性行銷，以營造無菸害環境；提供多元選擇且具可近性的戒菸服務網絡系統，發展主動式的戒菸輔導機制，增進吸菸者的戒菸意願及對戒菸諮詢服務的利用率；定期持續監測吸菸及戒菸盛行率，善加運用吸菸資料庫，有效掌握吸菸行爲及發展趨勢，以達建構無菸健康城市之目標。

關鍵字

吸菸 ； 戒菸 ； 需行率 ； 後工業城市

並列摘要

This study assessed the prevalence of cigarette smoking and quitting among adults in a post-industrial city, and evaluated their knowledge and attitudes about the Tobacco Control Act. Methods: From September to December, 2004, adult residents of Kaohsiung city were selected by a stratified 2-stage proportional sampling scheme. Subjects were interviewed by professional public nurses regarding their personal characteristics, smoking status, knowledge of the Tobacco Control Act and attitudes toward banning smoking in workplaces and public areas. One thousand and fifty six questionnaires were completed and analyzed. Results: The analysis results showed that the estimated prevalence of cigarette smoking was 38.1% and 3.5% in males and females, respectively. The prevalence of quitting smoking was 9.3% and 0.4% in males and females, respectively. The average age at which adults starting smoking was 20.5 years. Approximately half of the subjects were familiar with the Tobacco Control Act. About 70% of the respondents supported implementation of the Act. Factors associated with smoking behavior included gender, age, self-perceived health status, betel nut chewing, smoking status of housemates, implementation of smoking control in school or workplaces, and attitude toward the banning of smoking in public areas. Conclusions: Public awareness strategies for discouraging smoking should be conducted through education and advertisement campaigns. Providing an accessible smoking cessation system including guidance and counseling for smoking cessation can facilitate smoking cessation and promote the use of smoking cessation services. An effective and comprehensive monitoring program is needed evaluate the smoking status of citizens to achieve the goals of a smoke-free and healthy city.

並列關鍵字

Smoking ； smoking cessation ； prevalence ； post-industrial city

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