不同性別大專學生運動參與動機與運動阻礙因素之分析研究

An Analysis of Motivations for and Obstacles to Participation in Sports among Male and Female University Students

王清欉(Ching-Chung Wang) ； 黃郁琦(Yuh-Chyi Huang)

《政大體育研究》 16期 (2004/03) Pp. 83-97

https://doi.org/10.30411/CTTYYC.200403_(16).0005

摘要

This paper had three aims: 1) to discuss the differences in intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, as well as in amotivation, of male and female university students; 2) to discuss the reasons for differences in sport obstacles between male and female university students; and 3) to compare the levels of these motivations. The subjects of the research were a random sample of students of National Chengchi University who were given a questionnaire to complete. The contents of the questionnaire included basic information, a form to measure amounts of exercise, and a form to measure levels of sport obstacles. The information was processed using PC-SAS, a statistical analysis software package, with independent samples compared by T-test to determine whether or not the level of clarity of the differences achieved .05. The results of the research show that for university students the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, as well as amotivation, of males is conspicuously higher than those of females (p＜.05). The influence of leaders, partners, attitudes of family members, and personality are conspicuously greater on females than on males (p＜.05), as was the influence of time. As for the different kinds of motivation, the influence of interest was conspicuously higher on those with high intrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation; the influence of information was conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with high intrinsic motivation; the influences of leaders and means of transportation were conspicuously higher on those with low intrinsic motivation than on those with high intrinsic motivation; the influences of facilities, costs, partners, physical condition, and interest are conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation, but the influence of time was conspicuously higher on those with low intrinsic motivation than on those with high extrinsic motivation; the influence of leaders, interest, and personality were conspicuously greater on those with low extrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation; but the influence of partners was conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with low extrinsic motivation.

關鍵字

內在動機 ； 外在動機 ； A動機 ； 運動阻礙

並列摘要

This paper had three aims: 1) to discuss the differences in intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, as well as in amotivation, of male and female university students; 2) to discuss the reasons for differences in sport obstacles between male and female university students; and 3) to compare the levels of these motivations. The subjects of the research were a random sample of students of National Chengchi University who were given a questionnaire to complete. The contents of the questionnaire included basic information, a form to measure amounts of exercise, and a form to measure levels of sport obstacles. The information was processed using PC-SAS, a statistical analysis software package, with independent samples compared by T-test to determine whether or not the level of clarity of the differences achieved .05. The results of the research show that for university students the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, as well as amotivation, of males is conspicuously higher than those of females (p＜.05). The influence of leaders, partners, attitudes of family members, and personality are conspicuously greater on females than on males (p＜.05), as was the influence of time. As for the different kinds of motivation, the influence of interest was conspicuously higher on those with high intrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation; the influence of information was conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with high intrinsic motivation; the influences of leaders and means of transportation were conspicuously higher on those with low intrinsic motivation than on those with high intrinsic motivation; the influences of facilities, costs, partners, physical condition, and interest are conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation, but the influence of time was conspicuously higher on those with low intrinsic motivation than on those with high extrinsic motivation; the influence of leaders, interest, and personality were conspicuously greater on those with low extrinsic motivation than on those with low intrinsic motivation; but the influence of partners was conspicuously higher on those with high extrinsic motivation than on those with low extrinsic motivation.

並列關鍵字

intrinsic motivation ； extrinsic motivation ； amotivation ； sports obstacles