探討不同性別大學生的運動參與、心理資本與情緒焦慮之影響

The Study on Effects of Sports Participation and Psychological Capital of University Students by Gender on Emotional Anxiety

王元聖(Yuan-Sheng Wang) ； 鄭世忠(Shih-Chung Cheng) ； 王俊傑(Chun-Chieh Wang)

《運動教練科學》 44期 (2016/12) Pp. 9-19

https://doi.org/10.6194/SCS.2016.44.02

摘要

目的：本研究主要藉由正向心理學的觀點，探討大學生運動情形、心理特質對社會體型焦慮之影響。方法：研究對象係位於臺灣北部地區大學的學生共1,602 人，研究問卷採用運動涉入量表、心理資本量表及社會體型焦慮量表。研究資料處理以獨立樣本t檢定、相關分析與多元迴歸分析，結果：一、不同性別對運動涉入、心理資本及社會體型焦慮具有部分顯著差異。二、性別、運動涉入、心理資本對社會體型焦慮之間大部分均有顯著的相關。三、性別、運動涉入、心理資本變項能有效解釋社會體型焦慮兩個向度：（一）就體型呈現自在：性別、運動涉入與心理資本具有影響，模式中運動涉入均達顯著性，心理資本達顯著有自我效能感及樂觀。（二）就負面體型評量不安：性別、運動涉入與心理資本具有影響，模式中運動涉入均達顯著性，心理資本達顯著有樂觀、希望及韌性。結論：性別、運動涉入對於社會體型焦慮的大部分具有影響，而導入正向心理資本之後對於社會體型焦慮確實能增加影響力。因此，當個人運動涉入程度越多，正向心理資本會跟著增加，而對社會體型不安焦慮隨之降低，創造出健康的人生觀。

關鍵字

運動涉入 ； 正向心理學 ； 社會體型焦慮 ； 體型意象

並列摘要

Purpose: The study was to investigate the influence of sport activities and psychological traits on college students' social anxiety with respect to positive psychology. Methods: The objects were 1,602 college students in the universities at north Taiwan. Sport involvement questionnaire, psychological capital questionnaire, and social physique anxiety scale were applied and the data were analyzed using individual t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis in the study. Results: First, different genders had partial differences in the sports involvement, psychological capital, and social physique anxiety. Second, gender, sports involvement, psychological capital showed substantial relationship with social physique anxiety. Third, gender, sports involvement, and psychological capital can effectively explain two dimensions in social physique anxiety: (1) In the aspect of comfort in showing body physique, gender, sports involvement and psychological capital had partial influence, centrality of sports involvement also had influence as well; self-efficacy and optimism in psychological capital had significant relationship with it. (2) In the aspect of concern regarding negative physique evaluation, gender, sports involvement, and psychological capital had certain influence, centrality in sports involvement had significant relationship with it; optimism, hope and, resilience in psychological capital had significant relationship as well. Conclusions: Gender and sports involvement had substantial influence on social physique anxiety, and after incorporating positive psychological capital, it was proven that social physique anxiety had strong influence. Hence, when the sports involvement of a person became more, positive psychological capital will also increase, in addition, it can reduce social physique anxiety and thus creating healthy life.

並列關鍵字

sport involvement ； positive psychology ； social physique anxiety ； body image

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