大學優秀籃球運動員的目標取向及意象使用

Goal Orientation and Imagery Use for Collegiate Elite Basketball Athletes

林啟賢(Chi-Hsian Lin)

《大專體育學刊》 15卷2期 (2013/06) Pp. 195-207

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1502.007

摘要

本研究的目的有二：一、探討不同動機集群的大學優秀籃球運動員在意象使用的功能與數量；二、比較不同競賽級別及性別的籃球運動員其目標取向及意象使用的差異。以283位優秀籃球運動員（男151、女132）為研究對象，填寫運動目標取向及運動意象量表，以評估其目標取向特質及意象使用的功能與數量。以運動目標取向量表的得分進行二階段集群分析，得到三個最佳群集分組；再以單因子多變量變異數分析檢驗三個不同集群在運動意象使用及不同競賽級別與性別在目標取向與意象使用的差異情形。結果顯示，集群一（中工作／高自我）及集群三（高工作／低自我）的大學優秀籃球運動員在五種意象型態的使用都顯著多於集群二（低工作／低自我）；第一級籃球運動員相較於第二級籃球運動員有較多特定認知及特定動機的意象使用；男性在五種意象型態使用上顯著多於女性。本研究結論為：成就動機的角色影響大學優秀籃球運動員在意象使用的行為涉入；不同競賽級別及性別影響籃球運動員的意象使用。

關鍵字

心理策略 ； 心智意象 ； 動機取向

並列摘要

The purpose of this study had two major reasons. Firstly, it was to examine different motivational profiles of collegiate elite basketball athletes on the functions and amounts of imagery used. Secondly, it was to compare the different competition levels and gender of basketball athletes on goal orientation and imagery used. There were 283 elite basketball athletes (male 151, female 132) drawn from colleges completed the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ) and the Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ) to assess goal orientation dispositional, frequency and function of imagery use. A two-stage cluster analysis on the TEOSQ scores revealed a three-cluster solution. One-way MANOVA (independent) was used to analyze the differences on imagery use among cluster groups and to analyze differences on goal orientation and imagery use at different competition levels and gender. The results showed both Cluster1 (moderate task/high ego) and Cluster3 (high task/low ego) used significantly more five types of imagery use than Cluster2 (low task/low ego) did. The first level of competition did better on both specific cognitive and specific motivation of imagery use than the second level of competition did. And male athletes had significantly more scores on five type of imagery use than female athletes did. According these findings concluded the role of achievement motivation in influencing collegiate elite basketball athletes’ behavioral investments in imagery use, and the imagery use was influenced by different competition level and gender of basketball athletes.

並列關鍵字

psychological strategies ； mental imagery ； motivation orientation

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