馬拉松賽事中不同年齡與完賽時間之跑者的配速差異

Comparisons of Pacing Among Runners of Different Ages and Finish Times During a Marathon

李希捷(Hsi-Chieh Lee) ； 王鶴森(Ho-Seng Wang) ； 林淑惠(Shu-Hui Lin) ； 蔡易珊(Yi-Shan Tsai)

《大專體育學刊》 23卷1期 (2021/03) Pp. 70-82

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.202103_23(1).0006

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解臺灣不同年齡與完賽時間之馬拉松跑者的配速現況，提供日後跑者配速策略參考。將2018年新北市萬金石馬拉松之男、女全程馬拉松跑者依原競賽組別進行年齡分組，並依完賽時間以每30min為單位進行層級分組，探討不同年齡與層級跑者其前後半程馬拉松（簡稱半馬）時間比值，及每5km分段速度的配速表現差異。研究結果發現：一、男性「55～64歲」組前後半馬比值小於25～54歲間各年齡組別；女性各年齡組別間前後半馬比值無顯著差異。二、男性完賽時間3.5h內之跑者前後半馬比值小於3.5h以上者，且3.5～5.0h者小於5.0～6.0h者；女性完賽時間5.0h內跑者前後半馬比值小於5.0h以上者。三、於15～20km開始，男女完賽時間大於5.0h之跑者分段速度下降幅度大於較佳層級，其後20～25km完賽時間超過4.5h之男女跑者，及25～30km完賽時間男性3.5h以上、女性4.0h以上的跑者降速幅度分別大於其他較佳層級。本研究結論顯示完賽時間愈短者其配速愈穩定，且完賽時間愈長的跑者於賽事中段起會愈早出現大幅降速之情形。此外，男性較年長跑者之配速穩定性有優於年輕跑者的趨勢，而女性跑者配速則不受年齡影響。

關鍵字

萬金石 ； 時間比值 ； 分段速度

並列摘要

This study investigated the pacing strategies of Taiwanese marathon runners of different ages and finish times. Full marathon runners at the 2018 New Taipei City Wan Jin Shi Marathon were categorized by age and grouped into different levels by finish times. Pacing was defined as the ratio of second-half to first-half marathon time, and speed change rate as segmentation speeds (m/s) per 5 km compared with the first 5 km. Results showed that (1) The time ratio was lower for males aged 55-64 than for those aged 25-54, while there were no differences among age groups in females. (2) The ratio was lower for male runners who finished within 3.5 h than for those who took over 3.5 h; it was also lower for those finishing 3.5-5.0 h than for 5.0-6.0 h. The ratio for females who finished within 5.0 h was lower than for those who took over 5.0 h. (3) Speed change rates of both males and females finishing over 5.0 h and 4.5 h decreased more than those of higher-level runners from 15-20 km and 20-25 km, respectively. From 25-30 km, speed change rates of males over 3.5 h and females over 4.0 h decreased more than for higher-level runners. We conclude that marathon runners with shorter finish times adopted more stable pacing, and runners with longer finish times slowed down earlier, from around the middle stage. In addition, older male runners tended to have better pacing stability than younger runners, while age did not affect the pacing of female runners.

並列關鍵字

Wan Jin Shi ； time ratio ； segmentation speed

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