法式滾球選手主觀競賽情境、賽前狀態焦慮與自信心之關係：心理復原力的調節效果

本研究目的為探討法式滾球選手之心理復原力在主觀競賽情境、賽前狀態焦慮與自信心之間關係的調節效果。以參加2020年全民運動會法式滾球雙人團體賽與三人團體賽的選手為研究對象，共計181人，在比賽前30 min填寫主觀競賽情境知覺、賽前狀態焦慮、自信心與心理復原力等量表。研究結果指出：心理復原力對於場地有利性與自信心、比賽重要性與自信心、對手狀況與認知焦慮之間具有調節效果。對心理復原力較低的運動員而言，知覺對手狀況愈好會提升認知焦慮的程度，場地有利性較低時自信心的程度會下降；對心理復原力較高的運動員而言，比賽重要性愈高其自信心會愈高。本研究結論：研究顯示心理復原力較強的運動員，在賽前即使面對複雜的競賽情境因素，仍能保持較高的自信心與較少的擔憂。建議教練在訓練計畫的安排上，除了加強運動技術外，更應提供必要的學習機會讓選手在平時練習時就能培養出心理復原力，以降低比賽時因競賽情境所造成之干擾。

關鍵字

場地有利性；比賽重要性；對手狀況

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to examine whether psychological resilience moderates the relationships among subjective competitive situation, pre-competitive state anxiety and self-confidence in pétanque players. A total of 181 pétanque players participating in the 2020 Citizens Sports Games completed questionnaires regarding perceived competitive situation, pre-competitive state anxiety, self-confidence, and psychological resilience 30 minutes before the matches. Results showed that psychological resilience moderated the relationships of facility familiarity-self-confidence, competition importance-self-confidence, and opponent's condition-cognitive anxiety. Athletes who were less resilient reported an increase of cognitive anxiety when competing against better opponents. Their levels of self-confidence were decreased when they perceived lower familiarity with the courts and facility. For those who were more resilient, their self-confidence increased when facing important events. In conclusion, the findings indicate that athletes with stronger psychological resilience can maintain higher self-confidence and less anxiety when encountering competitive stress or challenges. It is recommended that coaches should not only focus on strengthening athletes' sports skills, but also provide essential learning opportunities for athletes to develop psychological resilience during practice, so as to reduce the interference caused by various competition situations.

並列關鍵字

facility familiarity ； competition importance ； opponent's condition

參考文獻

陳文成（2005）。大學女子排球員性別角色、競賽狀態性焦慮、自我效能及運動表現之相關研究。大專體育學刊，7(1)，91-99。https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200503_7(1).0007[Chen, W.-C. (2005). A study on the correlation of the sex role, the competition state anxiety, the self-efficacy and motor performance of the university women volley players. Journal of Physical Education in Higher Education, 7(1), 91-99. https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200503_7(1).0007]

黃崇儒、張智傑、許勝凱、洪聰敏（2008）。個人最佳功能區域與狀態焦慮方向性、運動表現的關係。臺灣運動心理學報，12，61-79。https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.20080501_(12).0004[Huang, C.-J., Chang, T.-C., Syu, S.-K., & Hung, T.-M. (2008). Relationships between individual zone of optimal functioning model and state anxiety directionality, athletic performance. Bulletin of Sport and Exercise Psychology of Taiwan, 12, 61-79. https://doi.org/10.6497/BSEPT.20080501_(12).0004]

潘緯澄、高三福、陳韋霖、潘天財（2019）。田徑運動員的信任教練、運動成就與賽前焦慮、自信心之關係。運動研究，28(2)，1-11。https://doi.org/10.6167/JSR.201912_28(2).0001[Pan, W.-C., Gao, S.-F., Chen, W.-L., & Pan, T.-T. (2019). The relationship between trust in coach, sport achievement, pre-competition anxiety, and self-confidence in track and field athletes. Journal of Sports Research, 28(2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.6167/JSR.201912_28(2).0001]

李濟仲、廖主民（2017）。運動員對其對手的印象形成之質性探討。體育學報，50(3)，303-326。https://doi.org/10.3966/102472972017095003005[Lee, C.-C., & Liao, C.-M. (2017). Qualitative exploration of athletes’ impression formation toward their opponents. Physical Education Journal, 50(3), 303-326. https://doi.org/10.3966/10247297201709500300]

Aquino, R., Martins, G. H. M., Vieira, L. H. P., & Menezes, R. P. (2017). Influence of match location, quality of opponents, and match status on movement patterns in Brazilian professional football players. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(8), 2155-2161. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001674

主題瀏覽