運用健康信念模式探討鼻竇炎病童主要照顧者之照護行爲

Using Health Belief Model to Explore the Care Behavior of Main Caregivers of Children Who Suffer from Sinusitis

詹靜惠(Ching-Hui Chan) ； 孫海倫(Hai-Lun Sun) ； 呂克桓(Ko-Huang Lue) ； 陳素珍(Suh-Jen Chen) ； 柯玲暖(Ling-Nuan Ko)

《中山醫學雜誌》 22卷2期 (2011/06) Pp. 175-186

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.201106.0004

摘要

本研究目的在瞭解鼻竇炎患童之主要照顧者其鼻竇炎照護行為的現況，並探討其影響因子。本研究為橫斷式研究設計，採立意取樣，以中部某醫學中心經醫師診斷為急性鼻竇炎病童之主要照顧者為研究對象，有效樣本共203人。研究結果發現：研究對象對於患童鼻竇炎照護行為中上程度，「鼻竇炎知識」得分愈高、「自覺罹患性」及「自覺嚴重性」愈高、「自覺行動利益」愈多及「自覺行動障礙」愈少，鼻竇炎照護行為愈佳。整體健康信念屬正向，在「自覺罹患性」，會因年齡、教育程度、家庭社經地位及鼻竇炎知識的不同而呈現顯著差異；「自覺嚴重性」及「自覺行動利益」，會因年齡、教育程度及鼻竇炎知識的不同而呈現顯著差異；「自覺行動障礙」信念，會因年齡、教育程度、家中孩子數及鼻竇炎知識的不同而呈現顯著差異。另外，修正因素（年齡、婚姻狀況、教育程度及鼻竇炎知識）與健康信念，對研究對象鼻竇炎照護行為解釋力達27.9%，其中「鼻竇炎知識」與「自覺行動利益信念」為預測照護行為的重要因子。本研究結果可提供臨床護理人員瞭解影響鼻竇炎照護行為的相關因子，在實施衛生教育時，需多層面的考量，就個案的個別需求給予衛教才能達到最佳成效。

關鍵字

鼻竇炎照護行為 ； 健康信念 ； 主要照顧者

並列摘要

The purpose of this research was to understand how caregivers of children with sinusitis provide care and what factors influence their care behavior. In this cross-sectional study based on a purposive sampling of subjects, we administered survey to 203 caregivers to children diagnosed with acute sinusitis at a medical center in central Taiwan. We found them to have middle-to-level of care. The higher the ”sinusitis knowledge”, the higher the ”perceived susceptibility,” ”perceived severity,” and ”perceived benefits to action” as well as the fewer the ”perceived barriers to action” and the better sinusitis care behavior. The overall health belief was positive. There were significant differences in ”perceived susceptibility” between different ages, educational levels, family social economic status, and level of sinusitis knowledge, ”perceived severity” and ”perceived benefits to action” between different ages, educational levels, and sinusitis knowledge, between ”perceived barriers to action” different ages, educational levels, the number of children in a family, and levels of sinusitis knowledge. After controlling for confounding factors, health belief account for 27.9% of the variation. ”Sinusitis knowledge” and ”belief of perceived benefits of action” were also important predictors of care behavior. These research results can be used by clinical nurses to understand the relevant factors influencing sinusitis care behavior. Multiple dimensions must be considered with planning and providing health education which should be based on characteristics and need of each caregiver for the best effect.

並列關鍵字

sinusitis care behavior ； health beliefs ； caregivers