媒體侵犯隱私權之判決研究：台灣與美國之比較

The Case Study of Media Violating Privacy Law: A Comparison between Taiwan and the United States

宋榛穎(Zhen-Ying Song) ； 林怡臻(Yiz-Hen Lin)

《傳播與管理研究》 11卷1期 (2011/07) Pp. 3-28

https://doi.org/10.6430/CMR.201107.0003

摘要

隨著隱私權概念的普及，新聞媒體因為採訪而造成他人隱私侵權的議題也逐漸受到重視。本研究以歷時性的觀點出發，藉由案例分析法審視台灣解嚴前、解嚴後到《壹週刊》創刊前，以及《壹週刊》創刊後至今之隱私權相關法律與媒體相關判決的趨勢，並爬梳台灣與美國相關法令與判例，綜合論述台灣近年來在媒體隱私法律發展上的趨勢。研究結果指出，我國媒體隱私相關案例逐年增加，類型也趨於多元，且判決結果上媒體占上風。至於台美媒體隱私侵權判決比較，研究發現公眾人物、實際惡意原則、隱私權預期與道德標準等，為台美之隱私權法律的實踐上之異同。而對比台美對隱私權之保護，未來台灣若能將對隱私權的保護成文化，定能使我國隱私權發展更趨完善。

關鍵字

案例分析法 ； 媒體隱私侵權 ； 新聞自由 ； 隱私權

並列摘要

With the paparazzi are becoming a routine journalistic practice, media violating individual privacy has grown into an important issue in Taiwan both for the public and the academia. This article divides three periods to study the historical change of the privacy law enforcement in Taiwan: Martial Law Period (before 1945), Post-Martial Law to the publishing of NEXT media magazine (1945-2001), and after the publication of NEXT media magazine (2001-now). This study reviews historical cases about media were accused of violating the individual privacy right in those three periods, for an analysis of the development of Taiwan's Privacy Law. Applying case study to explore and compare the differences on the cases of media violating privacy law between Taiwan and the U.S.. The finding indicates that in Taiwan both the types and numbers of media violating individual privacy cases has increased gradually, however , media have the advantage in trials. Yet, the comparison shows that public celebrities, the general expectation of individual privacy, and social moral standards would affect the results of the trials. This study recommends that the privacy law in Taiwan should become a statute law for its fully enforcement.

並列關鍵字

Case Study ； Privacy Violation in Media ； Freedom of the Press ； Privacy Right

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